Info
Distr tribution Transmission and Distribution (Po Losses (Power)
Introduction Introduction
In India, average T & D (Transmission & Distribution) losses, have been officially indicated as 23 percent of the electricity generated. However, as per sample studies carried out by independent agencies including TERI, these losses have been estimated to be as high as 50 percent in some states. In a recent study carried out by SBI Capital Markets for DVB, the T&D losses have been estimated as 58%. This is contrary to claims by DVB that their transmission and distribution losses are between 40 and 50 percent. With the setting up of State Regulatory Commissions in the country, accurate estimation of T&D Losses has gained importance as the level of losses directly affects the sales and power purchase requirements and hence has a bearing on the determination of electricity tariff of a utility by the commission.
Components of T&D losses
Energy losses occur in the process of supplying electricity to consumers due to technical and commercial losses. The technical losses are due to energy dissipated in the conductors and equipment used for transmission, transformation, sub- transmission and distribution of power. These technical losses are inherent in a system and can be reduced to an optimum level. The losses can be further sub grouped depending upon the stage of power transformation & transmission system as Transmission Losses (400kV/220kV/132kV/66kV), as Sub transmission losses (33kV /11kV) and Distribution losses (11kV/0.4kv). The commercial losses are caused by pilferage, defective meters, and errors in meter reading and in estimating unmetered supply of energy.
Lev Level of T& D Losses
The officially declared transmission and distribution losses in India have gradually risen from about 15 percent up to the year 1966-67 to about 23 percent in 1998-99. The continued rising trend in the losses is a matter of serious concern and all out efforts are required to contain
Introduction Introduction
In India, average T & D (Transmission & Distribution) losses, have been officially indicated as 23 percent of the electricity generated. However, as per sample studies carried out by independent agencies including TERI, these losses have been estimated to be as high as 50 percent in some states. In a recent study carried out by SBI Capital Markets for DVB, the T&D losses have been estimated as 58%. This is contrary to claims by DVB that their transmission and distribution losses are between 40 and 50 percent. With the setting up of State Regulatory Commissions in the country, accurate estimation of T&D Losses has gained importance as the level of losses directly affects the sales and power purchase requirements and hence has a bearing on the determination of electricity tariff of a utility by the commission.
Components of T&D losses
Energy losses occur in the process of supplying electricity to consumers due to technical and commercial losses. The technical losses are due to energy dissipated in the conductors and equipment used for transmission, transformation, sub- transmission and distribution of power. These technical losses are inherent in a system and can be reduced to an optimum level. The losses can be further sub grouped depending upon the stage of power transformation & transmission system as Transmission Losses (400kV/220kV/132kV/66kV), as Sub transmission losses (33kV /11kV) and Distribution losses (11kV/0.4kv). The commercial losses are caused by pilferage, defective meters, and errors in meter reading and in estimating unmetered supply of energy.
Lev Level of T& D Losses
The officially declared transmission and distribution losses in India have gradually risen from about 15 percent up to the year 1966-67 to about 23 percent in 1998-99. The continued rising trend in the losses is a matter of serious concern and all out efforts are required to contain
References: 4.81a 5.4 5.9 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 Source is Electric Power in Asia and Pacific, United Nations, 1997 Source. Planning Commission. 2000. Annual Report on the Working of State Electricity Boards and Electricity Departments. p. 66.