Importance of Technical & Vocational Institution

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1.0 INTRODUCTION
This research attempts to investigate the importance of technical & vocational institution. This research is also carried out to find out the various methods objective of research. What is the expectation to fulfil the requirement of being indusrtialized nation?. Well, having the existence of technical & vocational institution are mainly to produce hands on skills on students as well as to develop them to become a part of industrialized nation. In developing our country , technical & vocational school has come to existence to give students opportunity to choose skills that can be learned. This research is carried out to find out the advantages of having technical & vocational institution in Malaysia. Besides that, this research to investigate the effectiveness of having this kind of school in our country and ways to improve vocational & technical education system.

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH This research is carried out to provide awareness of the existence of technical and vocational institution as well as to introduce the importances of this institution. Nowadays, we are facing problem that this kind of institution is out of date and is lacking systematically and also having doubts whether it is meeting the current industrial needs in the country. Therefore, this research is carried out to introduce and emphasized on the importance of this institution. The background of this research is based on its development.The formal technical and vocational education system under the Ministry of Education starts at the upper secondary level, where there are 70 secondary vocational schools with an enrolment of 33,751 students and nine secondary technical schools having a total 5,339 students. The secondary vocational schools offer a course structure that covers the same core subjects as in other upper secondary academic schools. In addition to these core subjects, the vocational school students select a group of vocational subjects in accordance with the vocational course following. Vocational studies make up about 50 percent of the total course content in the secondary vocational school. Based in nature and technical subjects offered are less practical in nature. Technical studies make up only about 17 per cent of the total course content in the secondary technical school. At the post-secondary level there are six polytechnics with a student population of 15, 000 with about 12,000 students undergoing courses at the certificate level and 3,000 students at the diploma level. The objective of the polytechnics is to produce trained manpower at the semi-profesional level in various areas of engineering and commerce. At the certificate level about 80 percent of the students are following engineering courses. Female students make up about 25 percent of the total student population. Some examples of training government agencies are MARA- skills training institutes Ministry of Youth and Sport – Youth Training Centres and Ministry of Welfare Services- Training Centres.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Statement of problems: 1. It shows that lately technical & vocational institution is out of date. 2. Students mainly are not aware of the avantages of technical & vocational institution.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
This researh method to meet the following objectives: * To investigate the importances of technical & vocational institution. * To find out ways to improve tecnical & vocational education system. 1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION The following research question is translated in order to meet the research objective. * Which is the importance of technical & vocational institution?. * What is the implication to students on the importance of having technical & vocational institution?. 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The significance of the study is to help students and teacher to indentify the importance of having technical & vocational institutons. Vocational and technical education is important because not everyone should be expected to take the path of going to a university and getting a university degree. Some people prefer to take a non-academic path because this is where their passion and interests lies. As such, having a good vocational and technical training and education program is important to ensure that students who are inclined towards these sectors have a respectable channel to pursue skills in this area. In Malaysia, making the pursuit of these skills is one of the ways to reduce school dropout rates and to increase the skills and earning power of those who do not lean towards the academic arena. Most students graduate without actually obtaining a real tertiary education, and the good students also suffer because the intellectual discourse that is supposed to happen in classes never materializes. This is a truly unfortunate side effect of the governments drive to produce more graduates. Enrollment criteria into universities get lowered every year because of the competition to get students at all costs, so quality suffers even more.

1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY This research covers only students from Universiti Industri Selangor ( UNISEL ) where the research was conducted to find out the results and point of views regarding the topic of research. Besides that, the research only covers students aged between 18 to 25 years old for oipinions and point of view on the matter of the topic. The research also covers only soe student from technical & vocatioanal school.

1.7 CONCLUSION This chapter gives brief explaination, definition on the background of the study where researcher aim to investigate the mportance of technical & vocational institution and the affectiveness of having this kind of school in our country as well to support our country to become and industrilized country. This chapter also gives the background of the study and significance of the study. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 INTRODUCTION
Literature review comprises of related literature which is definition of topic, a general overview, advantages and also types of technical & vocational institution. In this chapter it shows the types of technical institution available. Besides that, the current importance is shown in the advantages as well as the implication of the topic. The variations of institution is also mentioned in this chapter to give clear view of the types of school available, thus emphasizing on the importance of this research.

2.2 RELATED LITERATURE 2.2.1- Definition of technical and vocational institution. 2.2.2- Advantages of technical & vocatioanal institution. 2.2.3- Types of technical & vocational institution.

2.2.1 DEFINITION OF TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL INSTITUTION Tecnique means a particular way of doing something, especially one in which you have to learn special skills. Besides that, it is the skill with which somebody is able to do something practical. ( Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7 Ed, 2006). Institution on the hand is defined as a large important organization that has a particular purpose, for example, a university or school. In this case, institution is a place where it serves the need of educating technical skills as well as basic subjects to students. While cited in the web Wikipedia, vocational education or Vocational Education and Training (VET), also called Career and Technical Education (CTE), prepares learners for jobs that are based in manual or practical activities, traditionally non-academic and totally related to a specific trade, occupation or vocation, hence the term, in which the learner participates. It is sometimes referred to as technical education, as the learner directly develops expertise in a particular group of techniques or technology.

2.2.2 ADVANTAGES OF TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL INSTITUTION In this chapter, researcher will be emphasizing in the advantages of technical & vocational institution. Nowadays,not everyone should be expected to take a path of going to University and getting a university degree. Therefore, having technical & vocational institution is to ensure that students who are inclined towrd these sector ( technical & vocational ) have a respectable channel to persue skills in this area which is to technical & vocational scholls as well as institution. Besides that, having technical and vocational school is to reduce school dropout rates and to increase the skills and earning power of those who do not learn toward academic area. These students will have quality hands on skills and is useful in providing them job opportunity in future especially in the techinical industry. Students also are abe to develop their skills as well make use of it in the current development. On the other hand, some student are able to study basic subjects and favoured skills as they want to. This increase the capability of learning and creats creatve individuals for the nation. Besides being a stepping stone, yhis hands on students in developng skill and providing job opportunity. Iit also produces active quality manpower in the country

2.2.3 TYPES OF TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL EDUCATION Technical and vocational institution is diveded into two levels first is the upper secondary level (Form 4 and Form 5) is the level where technical and vocational education formally commences. Here, the technical and vocational schools offer the same core subjects as normal academic schools. These cover several core subjects for the languages, mathematics, and sciences but in addition the students are required to take selected technical and vocational subjects from a group of several different options. Secondary Technical Vocational School has 3 streams for selection which includes:Technical Stream, Vocational Stream and Skill Training Stream. Upon completing 2 years of studies at this level, the technical or vocational school students are required to sit for the common public examination called the Malaysia Certificate of Education or Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) examination similar to those academic school students from the secondary academic schools. However students from the Skill Training stream will sit for Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia* (Malaysian Skill Certificate) after which a government skill qualification is awarded for Level 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5. The higher level is Technical and Vocational Education at Post Secondary Level - This post-secondary level of technical education, which is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Higher Education, comprises the following public institutions: Polytechnics, Community Colleges, Technical University Colleges and Public Universities. There are currently 19 polytechnics in the country conducting technical and vocational education offering 37 diploma and 26 certificate programmes covering study areas like engineering, commerce, food technology, marine, hospitality and Design. Community Colleges were first established by the government in the year 2000 with the primary objective of providing alternative skill training and education for secondary school leavers and those who have left the formal education system.In order to upgrade the image and professional level of technical and vocational education due to the increasing importance of employment in the industrial sectors, the government has, since 1999, set up 5 technical university colleges to focus on higher technical education offering engineering and related technical programmes designed to produce graduates with strong theoretical and cognitive knowledge and who possess high competency in application skills. They are:Kolej Universiti Sains dan Teknologi Malaysia ,Kolej Universiti Teknologi Tun Hussein Onn,Kolej Universiti Teknikal Kebangsaan Malaysia,Kolej Universiti Kejuruteraan Utara Malaysia and Kolej Universiti Kejuruteraan & Teknologi Malaysia. There are currently a total of 17 public universities in the country which is inclusive of the abovementioned 5 technical university colleges. Besides the 5 specialist technical universities colleges, many of the regular public universities, particularly the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia offer many technical and technological as well as engineering programmes leading to diploma and degree qualifications. In the meantime, as for technician/sub-professional and craft-level courses, the government training agencies which are involved in conducting training for student trainees include the Ministry of Human Resources. These agencies carry out the programmes through Industrial Training Institutes, MARA, under the Ministry of Entrepreneur Development, through the Skills Training Institutes, the Ministry of Youth & Sports through Youth Training Centres, and the Ministry of Welfare Services through its Training Centres. In addition, training is also conducted by the Ministry of Agriculture to produce Junior Agricultural Assistants at the Agricultural Institute. Mention must also be made of the training conducted by the Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) in various specialised fields for the public and private sectors, as well as training by the National Productivity Centre for the public and private sectors in areas of management and administration.

2.3 CONCLUSION This chapter gives explaination, definition, development as well as the importance of technical & vocational institution. This chapter comprises of variety of institution available and its fuction as well it effect n education system. Besides that,his chapter involves the development of institution from establishment to the current development. The importance which is the advantages is clearly in this chapter to match the objective of the research.

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION
This research attempts to investigate the importance of technical and vocational institution. This chapter outlines the methodologies engaged in the research. This chapter is extremely important as it determines the success or failure of this research whereby it takes into account of the methodology and procedure used by the researchers to get the necessary and wealthy information.

3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN
In this research, the researchers have chosen to use a qualitative approach in order to collect data. In this research, a set of questionnaires will be administered to a selected number of people. This step is necessary for the researchers to gather the necessary data and submit the findings in a form of report. The data or information obtained from the questionnaire administered will be interpreted in Chapter 4.

3.3 POPULATION AND SAMPLES
The sample of this research will mainly be university students specifically University Industri Selangor (UNISEL) students. The sample will be approximately 20 students. The students will comprise of both male and female students from all races. The subjects will be randomly picked comprising of students with different point of view.
3.4 INSTRUMENTATION
In this research, the instrumentation would be in the form questionnaire. The instrument is revised for its clarity and importance towards the research. The questionnaire will be given to each student. It aims to research on how to improve the technical and vocational education system and make it up to date as well as to research on the importance of this institution in education. Besides that, the questionnaire is to gain opinions and suggestions from the public.

3.4.1 QUESTIONNAIRE
The student was given a set of questionnaire comprising of 8 closed-ended questions and 2 open-ended question. The questionnaire is used to save time as the result of the questionnaire is easy to be evaluated. The questionnaire is formed in respond of Yes or No answers. The students need to choose and tick or circle the options accordingly.

3.5 DATA ANALYSIS
This research will be analysed using the results of questionnaire carried out the with the university students. The data will then be analysed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) computer software that enables the researchers to do many types of statistical analyses. The percentage of questionnaire results will be analysed and calculated through this software. Then, the researchers will make references based on the statistical analyses. This allows the researchers to have a better quality of research outcomes.
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter will mention the results of questionnaire after they are analysed and calculated. The data collected is based on the qualitative approach. The data presented will include the total of 20 samples (students). The questionnaire will be further analysed according to 10 different questions given.

4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE ANALYSIS
In this section, the data with references to the topic of the research has been collected by distributing 20 set of questionnaires to the university students. The feedbacks and responses from the students have been positive for the researchers to draw a certain conclusion.

4.2.1 Q1
The first question in the questionnaire is “Are you aware of the existence of technical and vocational school?” The question’s objective is to find out whether students are aware of this kind of school’s existence. Based on the questionnaire results, the 20 students who took the survey comprises of 20 samples with different answers. The results is that almost 95% of the students answered yes, and are aware of the existence of this type of institution while 5% of the students were not aware of the existence of this type of institution. This shows that mostly Students are aware of the existence of this type of institution.
4.2.2 Q2
The second question in the questionnaire is “Is technical and vocational institution beneficial?” This question is aimed to find out the importance of this type of institution. Almost 85% of the students agreed that this type of school is beneficial. While 15% of the students did not agree that this institutions were beneficial. This result shows clearly that students in majority agreed that this institution is giving advantages while minority have doubts on its advantages.

4.2.3 Q3
The third question is “Does it helps develop skills?”This question is to determine whether the main medium in this school will help students develop skills. 90% of the response agreed that it develop skills while 10% of the responses found that attending this school does not help develop skills.

4.2.4 Q4 & Q5
The fourth and fifth questions in the questionnaire are inter-related to each other. Question 4 “Is technical & vocational education up to date?”60% of the students agreed that it was not up to date while only 40% agreed that it was up to date. Question 5 is “Is it efficient in training skills?” Only 39% agreed that it is efficient while 61% agreed that it was not efficient. This proves that the efficiency of its productivity has link with the current development of this type of institutions.
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4.2.5 Q6 & Q7
The sixth question in the questionnaire and the seventh question is inter-related too. “Is it necessary to have vocational & technical education system? The results was 90% agreed it is necessary while 10% agreed the other way around. Question seventh is “Do you think Malaysian vocational & technical institution meets the current industrial need?” 40% think it meets the current industrial need while 60% disagree with it. This shows that in question sixths result that it is important to have this type of institution.

4.2.6 Q8
The eight question is “Does it help proving job opportunity in future?” this question aims to prove one of its advantages. 85% agreed that it helps providing job chances while 15% disagree it help in providing job opportunity. This shows that it is important to have this type of institution for students in our country.

4.2.7 Q9 & Q10
The ninth and the final question in this questionnaire is an open-ended question which is “In your opinion, what benefit does technical & vocational school provides? and “Suggestions on ways to improve vocational and technical education system”. This final question is to give the students a chance to express their idea or suggestion. Based on the suggestions given, most of the students feel that the main benefit is it develops in training students skills. Besides that, it also provides job opportunity to students and it gives student who are not academically successful an opportunity to excel in a different field of study. The suggestions given was more focused in upgrading the system, the facilities, the study tool, the learning environment as well as the materials in order for Malaysia to take a step forward in industrial development as well as vision 2020.

4.3 SUMMARY
Based on the data collected and using SPSS for the questionnaire, there are more advantages than the disadvantages of having this type of school. Besides that, the importance of technical & vocational institution is that it is the current demand of the era that each country produces its own manpower and nation with good quality skills which is useful for the development of the country.

CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION & SUGGESSTION
5.1 INTRODUCTION
This chapter incorporates the last aspect of the research which is the most important part of the research. The first section of the chapter will cover the survey of the findings which is based on the main findings. The second section is on implication and suggestion or recommendation. The third section is on the final summary or the conclusion of this survey.

5.2 SURVEY OF FINDINGS
Based on the main findings, it clearly shows that students mostly almost all the students are aware of the importance of the technical & vocational institution. Besides that, in building an industrialized nation we have to be aware of the importance keeping and upgrading this type of school to its best level. In a nutshell, there are loads of advantages having and attending technical & vocational school.

5.3 IMPLICATION AND RECOMMENDATION
According to the suggestions gathered through the survey, the students strongly agrees that the institution to be upgraded and improved both in its syllabus and also education system to provide conducive learning to take place. Besides that, the skills taught should be inclined with the industries upgrading demand.

5.4 CONCLUSION
In fulfilling the vision 2020, our country of all parties should upgrade its education system. Besides that, having technical and vocational skills is not just as a place for students who are not successful in academic but it should be an institution which produces good quality skilled professionals in future. It should also be a stepping stone for every student attending this school in obtaining better jobs in future. The importance of technical and vocational school is clearly aware by students. Therefore, this institution should be taken seriously into consideration by students as it provides extra knowledge as well as helps develop hands on skill in students. This institution has a great advantage in the industry especially in producing and moulding new generation with certified skills therefore each and every nation should support its development and existence. In a nutshell, everyone should play a major role in keeping the importance of this technical and vocational institution and also support its function in education to make it more efficient.

REFERENCES http//:www.wikipedia.com http//:www.studymalaysia.com.my
Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7 Ed, 2006

RESEARCH: THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL INSTITUTION

NAME: Susanthi Rani Rajoo 4091008981 Noorfara Ashikin Ahmad Tarmizi 4091009991 Alyani Mohd Radzi 4091009561 Lisa Mastura Muhd Zahid Poh 4073010421
GROUP: 1A
SUBJECT: Philosophy and Development of Education Industry In Malaysia LECTURER: Mr Baghawi
PROGRAMME: Bachelor Of Education (Hons)(TESL)
FACULTY: Faculty Of Education and Language Studies

References: Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 7 Ed, 2006 RESEARCH: THE IMPORTANCE OF TECHNICAL & VOCATIONAL INSTITUTION