Impacts of Mega Event

Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Description of Event 2 2.1 History 2 2.2 Characteristics 2 2.2.1 Form 2 2.2.2 Theme and Design 3 3. Event Experiences 3 3.1 Target Market 3 3.2 Stakeholders 3 3.3 Meanings 4 3.4 Motivations 4 4. Outcomes of Event 5 4.1 Social and Cultural outcomes 5 4.1.1 Expenditure and investment in events 5 4.1.2 Community participation 5 4.1.3 Event-related development, activities and traffic 6 4.1.4 Media Coverage 6 4.2 Economic Outcomes 7 4.2.1 New money and investment 7 4.2.2 Displacement effect and time-switching 7 4.3 Environmental Outcomes 8 4.3.1 Ecological footprint 8 4.3.2 Pollutions 8 5. Evaluation of sustainability 9 6. Recommendations 10 7. Conclusion 10 8. References 11 9. Appendices 13

Major Analytical Paper- London Olympic Games
1. Introduction
The Olympic Games is considered the most prestigious global sporting event that has great impacts on the host nation economically, socially and environmentally (Konstantaki & Wickens, 2010). The purpose of this paper focuses on the importance of hosting the Olympic Games in London through the evaluation on the impacts of the event using the triple bottom-line approach. The outcomes discussed deal with the positive and negative side; with effect to the tourism in United Kingdom (UK). The scope of this paper first covers the description of London Olympics; followed by the event experiences, outcomes, sustainability and lastly recommendation.
2. Description of Event
2.1 History
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) is formed in 1894, which sets the Olympic as an international four-yearly sports game to be hosted by different countries each time (Savic, 2007). In 2012, the summer Olympics returns to London for the third time (wheeler, 2012). London won the bid by taking almost half of the total votes, overcoming other strong competitors such as Paris, Moscow, Madrid and New York (wheeler, 2012). As a result, London gained its

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