Preview

Huntingtons Disease

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1915 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Huntingtons Disease
In one to three percent of Huntingtons Disease patients, have no family history of HD (HuntingtonsDisease1). Huntington’s disease is a very inconvenient and frustrating disease, scientists are trying to create treatments and a cure for Huntington’s disease. The one problem with finding a cure is the lack of funding, with your help though, there is hope. HD dose not have a cure, but knowing what it is, the history, current treatment, may help scientists find a cure and provide more funding for research. “The word chorea comes to us from the Greek, by way of Latin means Dance” (HuntingtonsDisease 1). Chorea describes the out of control movements that Huntington’s disease causes. These muscle spasms sometimes lead to seizures. This is an effect of Huntingtons disease, also known as Chorea or HD. “The Disorder was named after George Huntington who, based on the observation of patients from his fathers practice in Long Island published in 1872, at the medical and surgical reporter, a detailed description of the disease and symptoms”( Rego A. Christinade Almita, Luis Pereira1). George Huntington is one of the most well known contributors to the Research of HD. He gave it the name, and also did a lot of research into it.“During that same year (1972) Thomas L. Perry Discovered lower levels of GABA in the brains of HD patients. GABA is the hormone that regulates levels of dopamine in the brain. Dopamine is the chemical in the brain that controls movement, balance, and walking”( Knowles pg 13). This is known to be the cause of the unusual movements caused by HD; however, this is an effect of HD not the cause. Actually this is an affect of HD. “Huntington’s disease was both concisely and succinctly described as a specific disease entity in 1872 by George Huntington” (HuntingtonsDisease 1). George Huntington decided he was going to publish his finding to classify it as a disease. “Several reports before 1872 describe movement that later authors attribute to


Cited: Rego A. Christiade Almeida, Luis Percira. “molecular targets and therapeutic strategies in huntingtons disease” Current drug targets- CNS & neurological disorders 4.4 (2005): 361-381. A.P. Source. Web. 20 march. 2012 “Huntintons Disease” Medicine plus

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    A diagnosis of Huntington’s disease can be very distressing for a patient and their family to receive as it has many effects.…

    • 125 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    According to the text, ___________ is a neurodegenerative disease caused by degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain.…

    • 2106 Words
    • 34 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Huntington’s is a genetic and autosomal dominant inherited disease; meaning that it is not affected 23rd chromosome also known as the sex chromosome. This indicates that if one has any parent with Huntington’s (female or male), they have a 50% chance of contracting the disease which can be seen in Figure 1. (Collins, n.d) . An irregular expansion of a reciprocated area of the DNA sequences of the gene is the result of the Huntingtin gene. That particular area encodes the amino acid glutamine. (healthtree, n.d) In a normal, healthy person; one has a string of 9 to 39 glutamines. But due to the irregular expansion of the Huntingtin gene, people with Huntington 's have 36 - 121 glutamines; well above the normal range. Due to the extreme size of this area, it makes the Huntingtin protein more unstable and turns the area into an abnormal shape. (healthtree, n.d)Though we know the genetics behind it, it is still a mystery why this Huntingtin protein causing neuron death in the striatum, the substantia nigra and the hypothalamus of the brain which can be seen in Figure 2 (look at yellow boxes). (healthtree, n.d)Due to the nature of the disease being…

    • 1541 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    In 1872, George Huntington wrote about a disease that he and his family was suffering from. Symptoms included slurred speech, involuntary or slowed movement, and compulsive emotions and feelings. Today, it is known that this disease is a genetic disease affecting the brain, caused by the mutation of chromosome number 4, in which the codon CAG repeats over 40 times, contrary to the normal 10 to 26 times. Though it is unknown as to why this repetition causes such effect on the brain, scientists have devised methods in which it would be possible for individuals to test for the disease through genetic screening. Though genetic screening could have its side effects, it is currently the best way to take preventive measures for individuals carrying the mutation to not pass on to future generations as well as provide other personal aspects that would benefit the individual the most.…

    • 704 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    has been used successfully to treat victims of Huntington disorder by removing the dominant damaging autosomal allele and replacing it with a harmless one…

    • 1209 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Angelman syndrome is a neuro-genetic disorder first described in 1965 by Dr. Harry Angelman. This is where the name of the disorder derived. Dr. Angelman referred to the disorder as ‘Happy Puppet Syndrome’, because the people affected with it generally had a happy, puppet like demeanor, and walked in a stiff, jerky, marionette-like gait. Angelman Syndrome affects about 1 in every 20,000 people. The life span of an individual affected with this syndrome is no different from the average life expectancy. (Angelman…

    • 924 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by an abnormally high number of CAG repeats (polyglutamine) in the huntingtin (HTT) gene (also known as IT15), found in the short arm of chromosome 4, specifically, p16.3 (Buetow et al. 1991). Symptoms of this disorder include chorea (involuntary jerking movements), cognitive deficits, motor deficits, and changes in behavior. This disease gets progressively worse over time, starting with subtle behavioral, cognitive, and physical changes, progressing to severe memory decline, substantial personality changes, and debilitating motor and physiological deficits, and ending in death due to the incapacitating symptoms (Zuccato et al. 2010). Patients are generally…

    • 1196 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It is caused by getting passed down from parents. HD results from genetically programmed degeneration of nerve cells, called neurons, in certain…

    • 764 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Huntington’s disease affects the brain and nervous system. It mostly affects the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia is the part of the brain that controls movements, emotions and cognitive skills. Huntington’s disease damages cells in the basal ganglia.…

    • 181 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Symptoms of Huntington's disease usually develop between ages 30 and 50, but they can appear as early as age 2 or as late as 80, depending on the onset (adult or juvenile). Huntington's disease usually causes movement, cognitive, and psychiatric disorders as a result of all the neurons degenerating. The movement disorders that often appear can include both involuntary movements and impairments in voluntary movements. The movement symptoms include: involuntary jerking or writhing movements called chorea, sluggish or abnormal eye movements, muscle problems, such as rigidity or muscle contracture called dystonia, impairments in gait, posture and balance, difficulty with the physical production and act of speech or swallowing, and sudden jerking…

    • 735 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The Huntington’s disease is an inherited condition where the nerve cells in the brain break down over a period of time. This is a very rare disease, there are less than 200,000 US cases per year. There is no actual cure but physical therapy and talk therapy can help manage some of the symptoms. This disease can last for years or be lifelong. The Huntington’s disease can cause progressive breakdowns of nerve cells in the brain.…

    • 171 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Huntington’s Disease, previously known as Huntington’s chorea, is a long term brain disorder that eventually leads to uncontrolled movement, problems with emotions, loss of cognitive abilities such as memorization, increased involuntary movements, behavioral symptoms, and degeneration of nerve cells in the brain(1). This disease has been recognized as a disorder for hundreds of years, but however, only recently a cause was instituted to explain the effects. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, gene heredity was poorly understood as people who had the gene coding for the disease, died before many symptoms could appear. Huntington's Disease was first identified as an…

    • 973 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    The striatum in the brain is believed to play a large factor in the cause of the symptoms of Huntington’s disease. Its function is to process all of the signals within the neocortex and then pass them to other parts of the basal ganglia and frontal lobes. The parts of the brain that the striatum sends its information to are known for playing a large role in the planning and execution of a person’s bodily movement. Huntington’s disease seems to disrupt the striatum’s pathway in sending its messages, which then interferes with the parts of the brain that control movement. This pathway disruption is what causes the loss of muscle control for those who suffer from the disease. As a person is first affected, the chorea starts off as minor but as the disease progresses more damage is done to the brain, which results in an increase in the severity of symptoms. This is believed to be the reason behind eighty percent of brains belonging to those who have died of Huntington’s disease having significant atrophy to their frontal lobes. Along with a loss of frontal lobe tissue, this disease also causes a loss of striatal tissue, a noticeable amount of one hundred percent of all Huntington’s disease brains examined. Expectedly, on average a brain that has gone through the symptoms of Huntington’s disease is on average smaller than a normal unaffected…

    • 1026 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Signs and symptoms of the disease in the early stages can include mood swings, depression, and reduced cognition, clumsiness, and the inability to control facial movements. (Caudie, 05/1) Tremors, rigid muscles, and slow movements are also other signs of Huntington’s disease. (Caudie, 05/1) According the article seizures could also happen during this early phase. When the disease progresses into later stages signs and symptoms include sudden jerky movements throughout the body and includes jerky eye movement, progressed problems with balance, difficulty swallowing, and problems with speech. In worse case scenarios signs of dementia can happen. (Caudie,…

    • 694 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Huntington’s disease is an inherited condition that breaks down nerve cells over time. The disease is not curable and can last years or a lifetime, although medication is available to help deal with the symptoms (Ferrara 247-248). Those who have this disease have a life expectancy of 10-15 years after they are diagnosed. It has a broad impact on a person’s functions such as movement, thinking, and psychiatric disorders (Staff). Most people develop these symptoms in their 30s or 40s, however those who show symptoms before 20 have juvenile Huntington’s disease (Ferrara 247-248). Juvenile Huntington’s disease symptoms differ slightly and have a faster disease progression (Srivastava, Lal and Prabhakar).…

    • 561 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays