Human Body

Compounds That Compose the Human Body There are five major groups of compounds that compose the human body. They are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleotides, and water. These are all very important to humans and without them we would not be able to survive. They have many functions that encourage a human cell and a human body to function. Carbohydrates include sugars and starches, contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen which appears in a ratio of 1:2:1. Carbohydrates are classified according to size as monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The primary function of carbohydrates is to serve as sources of energy. Carbohydrates are some of the most numerous molecules in living organisms. They play a major role
The main functions of nucleotides are information storage (DNA), protein synthesis (RNA), and energy transfers (ATP and NAD). They make up the genes, which provide the basic blueprint of life. They also direct your growth and development. They do all of this by dictating protein structure. Nucleic acids are composed of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorous atoms. There are two major kinds of nucleic acids; they are deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid. DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nucleus. It makes up the genes that an organism inherits from its parents, and these tell the cells which proteins to make. Each gene directs the production of a particular protein in the cell. The proteins, in the form of enzymes, then initiate and regulate all the chemical reactions within the cell. DNA also replicates itself ensuring that the genetic information in every body cell is identical. Then it also provides the instructions for building every protein in the body. RNA is located outside of the nucleus and this is considered the slave of the DNA. The RNA carries out the orders for protein synthesis issued by
Without water, there would be no life on earth. Water makes up sixty to seventy percent of the human body, and is essential for several reasons. Water is a solvent so it is able to dissolve many substances. Nutrients and vitamins are dissolved in blood, which is mostly water and is transported to cells throughout the body. The excretion of waste products is also possible because they are dissolved in the water of urine. Water also has a very high heat capacity. It changes temperature slowly. So water will absorb a lot of heat before its temperature rises significantly. This factor helps the body maintain a constant temperature. This makes excess body heat evaporate sweat on the skin surfaces, rather than overheating the body's cells and raising our temperature so fast. Water is very important to all living things and the unique characteristics of it help our bodies to grow and function