HLTAP301B QUESTION1
HLTAP301B QUESTIONS
Written / Oral Questions
1There are a number of systems in the human body. Name 4 and briefly describe each system and its function in a healthy body.
Skeletal system- Makes up the framework of body and allows us to move when our muscles contract. It stores minerals (ex. Calcium, phosphorous) and releases them into the body when they are needed. The skeletal system also protects internal organs and produces blood cells.
Cardiovascular system- delivers oxygen, hormones, nutrients and white blood cells around the body by pumping blood, and it removes waste products.
Lymphatic system- is part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart. Protects the body from infection.
Respiratory system- is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism. Supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.
2How can the human body be protected from infection?
There are natural barriers to reduce the risk of harmful microorganisms entering the body (the skin, chemicals in tears, sweat and stomach acid).
In suitable conditions (such as inside the body) these microorganisms can reproduce rapidly.
Symptoms of a disease are caused by damage done to cells by the microorganisms or the poisons (toxins) they produce.
Our bodies have immune systems to defend themselves against the invading microorganisms. The immune system uses antigens on microorganisms to recognise them.
White blood cells can destroy microorganisms by engulfing and digesting them, or by producing antibodies.
A different antibody is needed to recognise each different type of microorganism because each one has a different antigen.
Once the body has made the antibody to recognise a particular microorganism it can make that antibody again very quickly, protecting against that particular microorganism.
3Explain what the nervous system
Written / Oral Questions
1There are a number of systems in the human body. Name 4 and briefly describe each system and its function in a healthy body.
Skeletal system- Makes up the framework of body and allows us to move when our muscles contract. It stores minerals (ex. Calcium, phosphorous) and releases them into the body when they are needed. The skeletal system also protects internal organs and produces blood cells.
Cardiovascular system- delivers oxygen, hormones, nutrients and white blood cells around the body by pumping blood, and it removes waste products.
Lymphatic system- is part of the circulatory system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph directionally towards the heart. Protects the body from infection.
Respiratory system- is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for the process of respiration in an organism. Supplies oxygen to the blood and removes carbon dioxide.
2How can the human body be protected from infection?
There are natural barriers to reduce the risk of harmful microorganisms entering the body (the skin, chemicals in tears, sweat and stomach acid).
In suitable conditions (such as inside the body) these microorganisms can reproduce rapidly.
Symptoms of a disease are caused by damage done to cells by the microorganisms or the poisons (toxins) they produce.
Our bodies have immune systems to defend themselves against the invading microorganisms. The immune system uses antigens on microorganisms to recognise them.
White blood cells can destroy microorganisms by engulfing and digesting them, or by producing antibodies.
A different antibody is needed to recognise each different type of microorganism because each one has a different antigen.
Once the body has made the antibody to recognise a particular microorganism it can make that antibody again very quickly, protecting against that particular microorganism.
3Explain what the nervous system