History
Social Studies Curriculum Guide
United States History
Grade/Course: U.S. History, Grades 9-12 [pic]
United States History
Unit 1: Colonial Era
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit is centered on the development of the English colonies in America. It traces the evolution of the economies, governments, social structures, relations with Native Americans, and introduction of slavery within the three colonial regions. The role of religion is examined through an examination of the Great Awakening. Benjamin Franklin is used as an example of how America presented opportunities, regardless of birth, for individual advancement.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH1 The student will describe European settlement in North America during the 17th century.
a. Explain Virginia’s development, including the Virginia Company, tobacco cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as Powhatan, development of the House of Burgesses, Bacon’s Rebellion, and the development of slavery.
b. Describe the settlement of New England including religious reasons, relations with Native Americans including King Phillip’s War, the establishment of town meetings and development of a legislature, religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode Island, the half-way covenant, Salem Witch Trials, and the loss of Massachusetts’ charter and the transition to a royal colony.
c. Explain the development of the mid-Atlantic colonies, including the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam and subsequent English takeover, and the settlement of Pennsylvania.
d. Explain the reasons for the French settlement of Quebec.
e. Analyze the impact of location and place on colonial settlement, transportation, and economic development; include Jamestown and New York City.
SSUSH2 The student will trace the ways that the economy and society of British North America developed.
a. Explain the development of mercantilism and the trans-Atlantic trade.
b. Describe the Middle Passage, growth of the African population and African-American culture.
c. Identify Benjamin Franklin as a symbol of social mobility and individualism.
d. Explain the significance of the Great Awakening.
Unit 1
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
The movement of people, ideas, and goods has a profound influence on a society. • How did the arrival of European settlers on the east coast of North America impact the Native Americans? (USH1 a, b, d) • What was the impact of slavery on the development of Colonial America? (USH1a; USH2b) • How did American colonies become wealthy in the later colonial period? (USH2a)
Colonies frequently develop a different social and political system from their mother country. • How was each colonial region a reflection of its colonists? (USH1 a, b, c, d) • How have the colonial ideas of civil liberties and rights changed over time? (USH1a,b)
Nations build upon compromise and conflict. • Why was America’s idea of representative government different from the English idea? (USH1a, b)
Democracies build upon the ideas of individualism and reform. • How did religion play a role in creating the American character? (USH1b: USH2d) • Why was Benjamin Franklin an example of social mobility and individualism? (USH2c) • How was the Great Awakening more than a revival? (USH2d)
United States History
Unit 2: Revolution to Constitution
Elaborated Unit Focus: The unit begins with an examination of the causes of the American Revolution, including its ideological background. The middle section of the unit focuses on the roles of key individuals in forging a new nation in the crucible of conflict. The unit concludes by examining events and key ideas that led to the creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution.
a. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French-Indian War, and the 1763 Treaty of Paris, laid the groundwork for the American Revolution.
b. Explain colonial response to British actions such as the Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, and the Intolerable Acts as seen in Sons and Daughters of Liberty and Committees of Correspondence.
c. Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense to the movement for independence.
SSUSH4 The student will identify the ideological, military, and diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution.
a. Explain the language, organization, and intellectual sources including the writings of John Locke and Montesquieu on the Declaration of Independence and the role of Thomas Jefferson.
b. Explain the reason for and significance of the French alliance and foreign assistance and the roles of Benjamin Franklin and the Marquis de Lafayette.
c. Analyze George Washington as a military leader, including the creation of a professional military and the life of a common soldier, crossing the Delaware River, and Valley Forge.
d. Explain the role of geography as the Battle of Yorktown, the role of Lord Cornwallis, and the Treaty of Paris, 1783.
SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution.
a. Explain how weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation and Daniel Shays’ Rebellion led to a call for a stronger central government.
b. Evaluate the major arguments of the anti-Federalists and Federalists during the debate on ratification of the Constitution as put forth in The Federalist concerning form of government, factions, checks and balances, and the power of the executive, including the roles of Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
c. Explain the key features of the Constitution, specifically the Great Compromise, separation of powers (the influence of Montesquieu), limited government, and the issue of slavery.
d. Analyze how the Bill of Rights serves as a protector of individual and states’ rights.
Unit 2
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Ideas and interests that are in direct conflict with existing governments may cause revolutions. • Why was winning the French and Indian War the beginning of conflict for the British and the colonists? (USH3a) • Why did the British and the colonists have different goals following the Treaty of Paris, 1763?
The philosophical principles of American democracy were laid with the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. • What are the key ideas of American democracy? (USH4a) • How did the Age of Enlightenment play a role in independence? (USH4a)
Fighting a war comes at a great cost. • How were the colonists able to defeat the British, a much stronger adversary? (USH4b, c; USH5d) • What sacrifices did the colonists make in order to win independence? (USH4c, d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • How did personality play a role in America’s successful diplomacy during the Revolution? (USH4b) • Why would European aristocrats want to fight in the American Revolution? (USH4b) • Why did the conflict between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson escalate to such a high level? (USH5b)
Nations build upon both compromise and conflict. • Why would Americans, who have just ended a centralized form government, see a need for a stronger central government? (USH5a, b) • Why is the American Constitution one of the most enduring constitutions in the western world? (USH5c, d)
United States History
Unit 3: Creating a Nation
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit centers on how the new nation dealt with the issues of territorial growth, the development of a national economy, and the expansion of democracy during America’s first four decades.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution.
e. Explain the importance of the Presidencies of George Washington and John Adams, include the Whiskey Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the development of political parties (Alexander Hamilton).
SSUSH6 The student will analyze the impact of territorial expansion and population growth, and its impact in the early decades of the new nation.
a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.
b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.
c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity.
d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.
e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine.
SSUSH7 The student will explain the process of economic growth, its regional and national impact in the first half of the 19th century, and the different response to it.
a. Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution as seen in Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin and his development of interchangeable parts for muskets.
b. Describe the westward growth of the United States including the emerging concept of Manifest Destiny.
c. Describe reform movements, specifically temperance, abolition, and public schools.
d. Explain women’s efforts to gain suffrage, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca Falls Conference.
e. Explain Jacksonian Democracy, expanding suffrage, the rise of popular political culture, and the development of American nationalism.
Unit 3
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • Why do we consider George Washington to be the “Father of his nation”? (USH4c; USH5e)
Territorial and economic growth cause change in politics and society. • How did the Northwest Ordinance set the tone for the future development of the United States? (USH6a) • How did the acquisition and exploration of the Louisiana Territory agree with Jefferson’s political philosophy? (USH6b) • How was the identity of the United States strengthened by the War of 1812, territorial expansion, Monroe Doctrine, and the canal system? (USH6c) • How was the identity expansion influence societal reforms such as abolition, temperance, education, women’s rights, and universal suffrage? (USH6e; USH7b) • How were technological advancements and the development of infrastructure important to the economy? (USH7a,b; USH6d)
United States History
Unit 4: A Divided Nation
Elaborated Unit Focus: The Civil War is one of the key events that formed America’s national character. This unit examines the causes of the conflict. It also provides a rich field for examining the role of the individual in shaping history. The unit concludes with a focus on political reconstruction of the South, the struggle between the presidency and Congress, and assimilation of newly freed African-Americans into the nation.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and westward expansion.
a. Explain how slavery became a significant issue in American politics, include the slave rebellion of Nat Turner and the rise of abolitionism (William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and the Grimke sisters).
b. Explain the Missouri Compromise and the issue of slavery in western states and territories.
c. Describe the Nullification Crisis and the emergence of states’ rights ideology, including the role of John C. Calhoun and development of sectionalism.
d. Describe war with Mexico and the Wilmot Proviso,
e. Explain how the Compromise of 1850 arose out of territorial expansion and population growth.
SSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and individuals relating to the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War.
a. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure of popular sovereignty, Dred Scott case, and John Brown’s raid.
b. Describe President Lincoln’s efforts to preserve the Union as seen in his second inaugural address and the Gettysburg speech and in his use of emergency powers, such as his decision to suspend habeas corpus.
c. Describe the role of Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, “Stonewall Jackson,” William Tecumseh Sherman, and Jefferson Davis.
d. Explain the importance of Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and the Battle for Atlanta and the impact of geography on these battles.
e. Describe the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation.
f. Explain the importance of the growing economic disparity between the North and the South through an examination of population, functioning railroads, and industrial output.
SSUSH10 The student will identify legal, political, and social dimensions of Reconstruction.
a. Compare and contrast Presidential Reconstruction with Radical Republican Reconstruction.
b. Explain efforts to redistribute land in the South among the former slaves and provide advanced education such as (Morehouse College) and describe the role the Freedmen’s Bureau.
c. Describe the significance of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.
d. Explain Black Codes, the Ku Klux Klan, and other forms of resistance to racial equality during Reconstruction.
e. Explain the impeachment of Andrew Johnson in relationship to Reconstruction.
f. Analyze how the presidential election of 1876 and the subsequent compromise of 1877 marked the end of Reconstruction.
Unit 4
Enduring Understanding and Essential Questions
The failure to follow the principles of compromise and consensus often leads to conflict and division. • How did the issue of slavery intensify the differences between the northern and southern economy, social structure, and culture? (USH8a, b; USH9a) • Why did the idea of states’ rights continue to be one of the main issues of the first half of the 19th century? (USH8c) • How did western expansion in the 1840s make conflict between the north and south inevitable? (USH8b, d; USH9a)
Fighting a war involves planning and sacrifice. • How were the key battles (Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Atlanta) examples of successful or failed national war strategies? (USH9d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • How did the actions of Nat Turner, John C. Calhoun, and John Brown contribute to the Civil War? (USH8a, c; USH9a) • What effect did free blacks have on the cause of abolition? (USH8a) • What is the connection between abolitionism and women’s suffrage? (USH8a) • How did the military and political leadership of the North compare with that of the South? (USH9b)
The federal government plays a role in mandating political and social change. • To what extent can society regulate morals and ethics with laws? (USH9a; USH10c) • How was Reconstruction a struggle between the executive and legislative branches of government? (USH10a)
United States History
Unit 5: Expansion and Reform
Elaborated Unit Focus: The post-Civil War years in the United States saw huge changes in the American story. America’s “second industrial revolution” brought changes to the national economy with the creation of corporations. As Americans renewed westward expansion, there was conflict with Native Americans. There was a rebirth of anti-immigrant feelings. Harsh working conditions and unresponsive government gave birth to labor unions and the creation of the Progressive Party.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH11 The student will describe the economic, social, and geographic impact of the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business. b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West; include the transcontinental railroad and the use of Chinese labor. c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies. d. Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison; include the electric light bulb, motion pictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life.
SSUSH12 The student will analyze important consequences of American industrial growth. a. Describe Ellis Island, the change in immigrants’ origins to southern and eastern Europe, and the impact of this change on urban America. b. Identify the American Federation of Labor and Samuel Gompers. c. Describe the growth of the western population and its impact on Native Americans with reference to Sitting Bull and Wounded Knee. d. Describe the 1894 Pullman Strike as an example of industrial unrest.
SSUSH13 The student will identify major efforts to reform American society and politics in the Progressive Era. a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry. b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements. c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP. d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker. e. Describe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, and referendum, direct election of senators, reform of labor laws, and efforts to improve living conditions for the poor in cities. f. Describe the conservation movement and the development of national parks and forests; include the role of Theodore Roosevelt.
SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century. a. Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment on the west coast.
Unit 5
Enduring Understanding and Unit Essential Questions
Territorial and economic growth causes change in politics and society. • How did the development of the railroad influence territorial growth, economic growth, and industrial growth during the years after the Civil War? (USH11a, b; USH12c)
Changes in the economy often bring about social and political changes. • How did immigration influence the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century? (USH12a; USH14a) • How did the labor movement evolve during this era? (USH12b, d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • Why were reformers more successful in the Gilded Age than they had been previously? (USH13a, b, d) • How did African-Americans react to federal recognition of “Jim Crow”? (USH13c)
United States History
Unit 6: Becoming a World Power
Elaborated Unit Focus: The focus of this unit is on emergence of the United States as a world power as a result of the Spanish-American War and the changes in American society and politics brought about by World War I. Debates over the U.S. role in world affairs began with expansion into the Pacific and Caribbean and ended with isolationism after World War I.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.
b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.
c. Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.
SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I.
a. Describe the movement from U.S. neutrality to engagement in World War I, with reference to unrestricted submarine warfare.
b. Explain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the Great Migration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.
c. Explain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.
Unit 6
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
A nation’s foreign policy changes to ensure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • How was America’s growing involvement in world affairs between 1890-1916 an extension of the ideas of Manifest Destiny and the Monroe Doctrine? (USH14b, c) • How did industrialization lead to a greater involvement in world affairs? (USH14b) • How were court cases during this period a reflection of America’s changing ideas of world involvement? (USH14b; USH15b) • How were Wilson’s Fourteen Points a reflection of his “Missionary Diplomacy?” (USH14c, USH15a,c)
Conflicts have wide-ranging and long-term effects. • What effect did the 18th and 19th Amendments have on the people and culture of the United States? (USH15d)
United States History
Unit 7: National Crisis
Elaborated Unit Focus: The accelerated movement of African-Americans out of the Deep South to industrial jobs in the north during World War II sparked the development of the Harlem Renaissance. The influence of new inventions and ideas such as the automobile, radio, and jazz on American life will be examined as part of the Roaring Twenties. Two of the most important events in the 20th century were the Great Depression and World War II. This unit focuses on the causes and effects of these pivotal events. The influence of science and technology was critical to the defeat of the Axis Powers.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I.
d. Describe passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, establishing Prohibition, and the Nineteenth Amendment, and establishing women’s suffrage.
SSUSH16 The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WWI.
a. Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction.
b. Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.
c. Describe the impact of radio and the movies.
d. Describe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.
SSUSH17 The student will analyze the causes and consequences of the Great Depression.
a. Describe the causes including overproduction, underconsumption, and stock market speculation that led to the stock market crash of 1929 and Great Depression.
b. Explain factors (include over-farming and climate) that led to the Dust Bowl and the resulting movement and migration west.
c. Explain the social and political impact of widespread unemployment that resulted in developments such as Hoovervilles.
SSUSH18 The student will describe Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the depression and compare the ways governmental programs aided those in need.
a. Describe the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority as a works program and as an effort to control the environment.
b. Explain the Wagner Act and the rise of industrial unionism.
c. Explain the passage of the Social Security Act as a part of the second New Deal.
d. Identify Eleanor Roosevelt as a symbol of social progress and women’s activism.
e. Identify the political challenges to Roosevelt’s domestic and international leadership, including the role of Huey Long, the “court packing bill,” and the Neutrality Act.
SSUSH19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.
a. Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response. b. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese-Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans. c. Explain major events; including the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin. d. Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries. e. Describe the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb. f. Compare the geographic locations of the European Theater and the Pacific Theater and the difficulties the U.S. faced in delivering weapons, food, and medical supplies to troops.
Unit 7
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Conflicts have wide-ranging and long-term effects • How was the “Red Scare” an example of America’s reluctance to be involved in world affairs? (USH16a) • How was the creation of the automobile industry an example of the impact of mass production upon the economy, politics, and culture of the United States? (USH16b) • How did mass media, the birth and evolution of jazz, and the Harlem Renaissance create a new blend of American culture? (USH16c, d)
Economic depression have many causes and multiple effects. • How did the causes of the Great Depression illustrate the intra-dependence of the American economy? (USH17a) • How did widespread unemployment between 1929-1932 affect the social and political fabric of the United States? (USH17b, c) • How did the Great Depression and World War II impact civil rights? (USH17c; USH19a, b)
Government plays a role in mandating political and social change. • What were the short-term and long-term effects of the New Deal? (USH18a, b, c, e; USH23c) • How was Eleanor Roosevelt a symbol of social progress and activities? (USH18d) • How did economic conditions of the 1930s aid the United States government as it prepared for World War II? (USH18a: USH19d) • What was the effect of the Bonus March and the proposed March on Washington in 1941 on relations between the federal government and its citizens? (USH19a)
Fighting a war comes at great cost. • How did the involvement of the United States in World War II help lead to the Allied victory? (USH19c, d, e) • How was the Manhattan Project more than a secret weapon project? (USH19e)
United States History
Unit 8: America as a World Power
(Post WWII Foreign Policy)
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit focus begins with the impact of the Cold War. Attention is paid to how the Cold War conflict was unlike any other in the nation’s history. It will also examine the involvement of the United States in the Middle East during the Cold War.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.
a. Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.
b. Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China and the outbreak of the Korean War and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
c. Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet Offensive, and growing opposition to the war.
e. Explain the role of geography on the U.S. containment policy, the Korean War, the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War.
SSUSH 21 The student will explain the impact of technological development and economic growth and its impact on the United States, 1945-1975.
d. Describe the impact of competition with the USSR as evidenced by the launch of Sputnik I and President Eisenhower’s actions.
Unit 8
Enduring Understanding and Unit Essential Questions
Conflicts impact domestic and international politics. • Why did both sides in the Cold War have misperceptions of each other? (USH20a, b; USH21d) • How did the Cold War affect the United States’ view of post-war nationalism around the world? (USH20c, d) • Why did the United States develop a policy of containment? (USH20) • How did the Cold War influence events within the United States? (USH20b, d) • How did the western democracies achieve victory in the Cold War? (USH25d)
A nation’s foreign policy changes to ensure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • Why is a nation’s foreign relations policy often driven by both ideology and commerce? (USH25c) • Why has United States foreign policy in the Middle East often been reactive? (USH25c, f)
United States History
Unit 9: Post World War II: Domestic Changes
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit will examine social changes that occurred after World War II. These changes include the baby boom and the growth of the suburbs. The influence of technology, including television, the internet, and cell phone, will be examined. The heart of this unit is the study of the Civil Rights Movement. Attention will be paid not only to rights gained as a result of the non-violence movement, but also to the legacy of the movement.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH21 The student will explain the impact of technological development and economic growth and its impact on the United States, 1945-1975.
a. Describe the baby boom and the impact as shown by Levittown and the Interstate Highway Act.
b. Describe the impact television has had on American culture; including the presidential debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news coverage of the Civil Rights Movement.
c. Analyze the impact of technology on American life, include the development of the personal computer and the cellular telephone and the expanded use of air conditioning.
SSUSH22 The student will identify dimensions of the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1970.
a. Explain the importance of President Truman’s order to integrate the U.S. military and the federal government.
b. Identify Jackie Robinson and the integration of baseball.
c. Explain Brown v. Board of Education and efforts to resist the decision.
d. Describe the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail and his I Have a Dream speech.
e. Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
SSUSH 23 The student will describe and assess the impact of political developments between 1945-1970.
a. Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.
b. Describe the political impact of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; include the impact on civil rights legislation.
c. Explain Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society; including the establishment of Medicare.
d. Describe the social and political turmoil of 1968, including the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy, and the events surrounding the Democratic National Convention.
SSUSH24 The student will analyze the impact of social change movements and organizations of the 1960s.
a. Compare and contrast the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Southern Leadership Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) tactics, include
b. sit-ins, freedom rides, and changing composition.
c. Describe the National Organization of Women (NOW) and the origins and goals of the modern women’s movement.
d. Analyze the anti-Vietnam War movement.
e. Analyze Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ movement.
f. Explain the importance of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring and the resulting developments; include Earth Day, the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the modern environmental movement.
g. Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).
SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.
b. Explain the impact of Supreme Court decisions on ideas about civil liberties and civil rights, including such decisions as Roe v. Wade (1973) and the Bakke decision on affirmative action.
Unit 9
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Wars affect the economic prosperity of a country. • What factors contributed to the post World War II economic boom? (USH21) • How did education and science drive the economic boom of post World War II? (USH21c, d) • How did communication technology influence life in the United States and the world? (USH21b, c)
For a democracy to be strong and sustaining, all of its citizens should have equal political, social, and economic rights. • How did television influence public opinion about the Civil Rights Movement? (USH21b) • How did the integration of America’s social institutions, such as the military, sports, and education, help to expand the Civil Rights Movement? (USH22a, b, c; USH25b) • How did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and his message of non-violence aid in achieving the goals of the Civil Rights Movement? (USH22d, e; USH24a) • How did the Civil Rights Movement illustrate the principles of the checks and balances and federalism? (USH22a, e) • How did the Civil Rights Movement expand to encompass other minority groups? (USH24; USH25b)
United States History
Unit 10 Changing Political Ideologies: Jimmy Carter- George W. Bush
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit focuses on political developments following World War II. The unit develops a clear understanding of changing political ideologies, as U.S. politics shifted from liberalism to conservatism. It will also examine the growing power of television to shape politics. The final standard and elements examine history up to the war on terrorism.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.
a. Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.
c. Explain Carter’s administrations’ efforts in the Middle East, including the Camp David Accords, his response to the 1979 Iranian Revolution, and Iranian hostage crisis.
d. Describe domestic and international events of Ronald Reagan’s presidency, including Reaganomics, the Iran-contra scandal, and the collapse of the Soviet Union.
e. Explain the relationship between Congress and President Bill Clinton; include the North American Free Trade Agreement and his impeachment and acquittal.
f. Analyze the 2000 presidential election and its outcome, emphasizing the role of the electoral college.
g. Analyze the response of President George W. Bush to the attacks of September 11, 2001, on the United States, the war against terrorism, and the subsequent American intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Unit 10
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
National politics is often defined in terms of ideology. • How is an issue characterized as either liberal or conservative? (USH24a, e, f) • How have the courts shaped the liberal or conservative nature of the nation? (USH23a) • How did domestic and international events affect the presidencies of John F. Kennedy through George W. Bush? (USH23, USH24, USH25) • How has the Constitution been tested by controversy during the terms of presidents since Lyndon B. Johnson? (USH25)
A nation’s foreign policy changes to insure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • Why does the United States have such a powerful influence on the world economy? (USH25c, d, e) • Why is there disagreement about economic alliances such as the North American Free Trade Treaty? (USH25e)
Social Studies Skills Matrices MAP AND GLOBE SKILLS
GOAL: The student will use maps to retrieve social studies information.
I: indicates when a skill is introduced in the standards and elements as part of the content
D: indicates grade levels where the teacher must develop that skill using the appropriate content
M: indicates grade level by which student should achieve mastery, the ability to use the skill in all situations
A: indicates grade levels where students will continue to apply and improve mastered skills
Map and Globe Skills |K |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9-12 | |1. use cardinal directions |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | |2. use intermediate directions | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | |3. use a letter/number grid system to determine location | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |4. compare and contrast the categories of natural, cultural, and political features found on maps | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |5. use inch to inch map scale to determine distance on map | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |6. use map key/legend to acquire information from, historical, physical, political, resource, product and economic maps | | |I |D |M |A |A |A |A |A | |7. use a map to explain impact of geography on historical and current events | | |I |D |M |A |A |A |A |A | |8. draw conclusions and make generalizations based on information from maps | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A | |9. use latitude and longitude to determine location | | | |I |D |D |D |M |A |A | |10. use graphic scales to determine distances on a map | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |11. compare maps of the same place at different points in time and from different perspectives to determine changes, identify trends, and generalize about human activities | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |12. compare maps with data sets (charts, tables, graphs) and /or readings to draw conclusions and make generalizations | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |
INFORMATION PROCESSING SKILLS
GOAL: The student will be able to locate, analyze, and synthesize information related to social studies topics and apply this information to solve problems/make decisions.
I: indicates when a skill is introduced in the standards and elements as part of the content
D: indicates grade levels where the teacher must develop that skill using the appropriate content
M: indicates grade level by which student should achieve mastery, the ability to use the skill in all situations
A: indicates grade levels where students will continue to apply and improve mastered skills
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Standards: 1, 2
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit One focus:
Colonial Era
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Colonization • Physical Migration (free and forced) • Importing of Intellectual Ideals
Social and Political Interactions • Colonial Governments • Social Mobility
Conflict and Compromise • European/Native American conflict • Colonial conflict with royal government • Conflict among colonists
Ideas and Beliefs • Great Awakening • Individualism
Standards: 3, 4, 5
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Two focus:
Revolution to Constitution
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Colonial response to actions of Parliament • Development of political parties
Conflict and Compromise • French and Indian War • American Revolution • Constitutional Convention • Federalists vs Anti-Federalists
Ideas and Beliefs • Social contract • Limited government • Individual and states’ rights • Key documents
Expansion • Ohio Valley, Proclamation of 1763
Standards: 8, 9, 10
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Four focus:
A Divided Nation
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Abolitionist Movement • Reconstruction • Popular sovereignty
Conflict and Compromise • States’ Rights vs Nationalism • Mexican-American War • Territorial Expansion and Slavery • Civil War
Standards: 5e, 6, 7
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Three focus:
Creating a Nation
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Transportation improvements • Early Industrial Revolution
Social and Political Interactions • Jacksonian Democracy • Reform movements • Extension of suffrage
Conflict and Compromise • War of 1812
Expansion • Louisiana Purchase • Monroe Doctrine • Manifest Destiny national identity
Standards: 11, 12, 13, 14a
1st Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Five focus:
Expansion and Reform
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Westward migration • Immigration • Urbanization
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Industrialization
Social and Political Interactions • Reform Movements • Changing Role of Government
Conflict and Compromise • Native American conflicts
Standards: 14, 15,
2nd Semester, 2 weeks
Unit Six focus:
Becoming a
World Power
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Constitutional amendments
Conflict and Compromise • World War I • Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Expansion • Debate over American expansionism
Standards: 20, 21d,
2nd Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Eight focus:
America as a
World Power: Cold War
Standards: 15d, 16, 17, 18, 19
2nd Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Seven focus:
National Crisis
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Dust Bowl • Great Migration
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Causes and effects of the Great Depression • Demands on Industrial Productivity • War mobilization • Growth of media • Impact of the automobile
Social and Political Interactions • Impact of the New Deal • Domestic Impact of World War II • Constitutional amendments • Isolationism • New forms of entertainment
Conflict and Compromise • World War II
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Domestic impact of the Cold War
Conflict and Compromise • Cold War • Regional Conflicts
Globalization • Post-War policies • International Relations
Standards:19a, 21a-c, 22, 23, 24, , 25b
2nd Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Nine focus:
Post World War II: Domestic Changes
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Impact of changes in the media • Changing demographics
Social and Political Interactions • Civil Rights Movement • Other reform movements • Judicial activism
Standards: 25
2nd Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Ten focus:
Changing Political Ideologies: Carter- George W. Bush
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Conflict and Compromise • Conservatism vs Liberalism
Globalization • U.S. role in world affairs • Terrorism
United States History
Grade/Course: U.S. History, Grades 9-12 [pic]
United States History
Unit 1: Colonial Era
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit is centered on the development of the English colonies in America. It traces the evolution of the economies, governments, social structures, relations with Native Americans, and introduction of slavery within the three colonial regions. The role of religion is examined through an examination of the Great Awakening. Benjamin Franklin is used as an example of how America presented opportunities, regardless of birth, for individual advancement.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH1 The student will describe European settlement in North America during the 17th century.
a. Explain Virginia’s development, including the Virginia Company, tobacco cultivation, relationships with Native Americans such as Powhatan, development of the House of Burgesses, Bacon’s Rebellion, and the development of slavery.
b. Describe the settlement of New England including religious reasons, relations with Native Americans including King Phillip’s War, the establishment of town meetings and development of a legislature, religious tensions that led to the founding of Rhode Island, the half-way covenant, Salem Witch Trials, and the loss of Massachusetts’ charter and the transition to a royal colony.
c. Explain the development of the mid-Atlantic colonies, including the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam and subsequent English takeover, and the settlement of Pennsylvania.
d. Explain the reasons for the French settlement of Quebec.
e. Analyze the impact of location and place on colonial settlement, transportation, and economic development; include Jamestown and New York City.
SSUSH2 The student will trace the ways that the economy and society of British North America developed.
a. Explain the development of mercantilism and the trans-Atlantic trade.
b. Describe the Middle Passage, growth of the African population and African-American culture.
c. Identify Benjamin Franklin as a symbol of social mobility and individualism.
d. Explain the significance of the Great Awakening.
Unit 1
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
The movement of people, ideas, and goods has a profound influence on a society. • How did the arrival of European settlers on the east coast of North America impact the Native Americans? (USH1 a, b, d) • What was the impact of slavery on the development of Colonial America? (USH1a; USH2b) • How did American colonies become wealthy in the later colonial period? (USH2a)
Colonies frequently develop a different social and political system from their mother country. • How was each colonial region a reflection of its colonists? (USH1 a, b, c, d) • How have the colonial ideas of civil liberties and rights changed over time? (USH1a,b)
Nations build upon compromise and conflict. • Why was America’s idea of representative government different from the English idea? (USH1a, b)
Democracies build upon the ideas of individualism and reform. • How did religion play a role in creating the American character? (USH1b: USH2d) • Why was Benjamin Franklin an example of social mobility and individualism? (USH2c) • How was the Great Awakening more than a revival? (USH2d)
United States History
Unit 2: Revolution to Constitution
Elaborated Unit Focus: The unit begins with an examination of the causes of the American Revolution, including its ideological background. The middle section of the unit focuses on the roles of key individuals in forging a new nation in the crucible of conflict. The unit concludes by examining events and key ideas that led to the creation of the Constitution and Bill of Rights.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH3 The student will explain the primary causes of the American Revolution.
a. Explain how the end of Anglo-French imperial competition as seen in the French-Indian War, and the 1763 Treaty of Paris, laid the groundwork for the American Revolution.
b. Explain colonial response to British actions such as the Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, and the Intolerable Acts as seen in Sons and Daughters of Liberty and Committees of Correspondence.
c. Explain the importance of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense to the movement for independence.
SSUSH4 The student will identify the ideological, military, and diplomatic aspects of the American Revolution.
a. Explain the language, organization, and intellectual sources including the writings of John Locke and Montesquieu on the Declaration of Independence and the role of Thomas Jefferson.
b. Explain the reason for and significance of the French alliance and foreign assistance and the roles of Benjamin Franklin and the Marquis de Lafayette.
c. Analyze George Washington as a military leader, including the creation of a professional military and the life of a common soldier, crossing the Delaware River, and Valley Forge.
d. Explain the role of geography as the Battle of Yorktown, the role of Lord Cornwallis, and the Treaty of Paris, 1783.
SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution.
a. Explain how weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation and Daniel Shays’ Rebellion led to a call for a stronger central government.
b. Evaluate the major arguments of the anti-Federalists and Federalists during the debate on ratification of the Constitution as put forth in The Federalist concerning form of government, factions, checks and balances, and the power of the executive, including the roles of Alexander Hamilton and James Madison.
c. Explain the key features of the Constitution, specifically the Great Compromise, separation of powers (the influence of Montesquieu), limited government, and the issue of slavery.
d. Analyze how the Bill of Rights serves as a protector of individual and states’ rights.
Unit 2
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Ideas and interests that are in direct conflict with existing governments may cause revolutions. • Why was winning the French and Indian War the beginning of conflict for the British and the colonists? (USH3a) • Why did the British and the colonists have different goals following the Treaty of Paris, 1763?
The philosophical principles of American democracy were laid with the Declaration of Independence, the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. • What are the key ideas of American democracy? (USH4a) • How did the Age of Enlightenment play a role in independence? (USH4a)
Fighting a war comes at a great cost. • How were the colonists able to defeat the British, a much stronger adversary? (USH4b, c; USH5d) • What sacrifices did the colonists make in order to win independence? (USH4c, d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • How did personality play a role in America’s successful diplomacy during the Revolution? (USH4b) • Why would European aristocrats want to fight in the American Revolution? (USH4b) • Why did the conflict between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson escalate to such a high level? (USH5b)
Nations build upon both compromise and conflict. • Why would Americans, who have just ended a centralized form government, see a need for a stronger central government? (USH5a, b) • Why is the American Constitution one of the most enduring constitutions in the western world? (USH5c, d)
United States History
Unit 3: Creating a Nation
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit centers on how the new nation dealt with the issues of territorial growth, the development of a national economy, and the expansion of democracy during America’s first four decades.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH5 The student will explain specific events and key ideas that brought about the adoption and implementation of the United States Constitution.
e. Explain the importance of the Presidencies of George Washington and John Adams, include the Whiskey Rebellion, non-intervention in Europe, and the development of political parties (Alexander Hamilton).
SSUSH6 The student will analyze the impact of territorial expansion and population growth, and its impact in the early decades of the new nation.
a. Explain the Northwest Ordinance’s importance in the westward migration of Americans and on slavery, public education, and the addition of new states.
b. Describe Jefferson’s diplomacy in obtaining the Louisiana Purchase from France and the territory’s exploration by Lewis and Clark.
c. Explain major reasons for the War of 1812 and the war’s significance on the development of a national identity.
d. Describe the construction of the Erie Canal, the rise of New York City, and the development of the nation’s infrastructure.
e. Describe the reasons for and importance of the Monroe Doctrine.
SSUSH7 The student will explain the process of economic growth, its regional and national impact in the first half of the 19th century, and the different response to it.
a. Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution as seen in Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton gin and his development of interchangeable parts for muskets.
b. Describe the westward growth of the United States including the emerging concept of Manifest Destiny.
c. Describe reform movements, specifically temperance, abolition, and public schools.
d. Explain women’s efforts to gain suffrage, including Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Seneca Falls Conference.
e. Explain Jacksonian Democracy, expanding suffrage, the rise of popular political culture, and the development of American nationalism.
Unit 3
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • Why do we consider George Washington to be the “Father of his nation”? (USH4c; USH5e)
Territorial and economic growth cause change in politics and society. • How did the Northwest Ordinance set the tone for the future development of the United States? (USH6a) • How did the acquisition and exploration of the Louisiana Territory agree with Jefferson’s political philosophy? (USH6b) • How was the identity of the United States strengthened by the War of 1812, territorial expansion, Monroe Doctrine, and the canal system? (USH6c) • How was the identity expansion influence societal reforms such as abolition, temperance, education, women’s rights, and universal suffrage? (USH6e; USH7b) • How were technological advancements and the development of infrastructure important to the economy? (USH7a,b; USH6d)
United States History
Unit 4: A Divided Nation
Elaborated Unit Focus: The Civil War is one of the key events that formed America’s national character. This unit examines the causes of the conflict. It also provides a rich field for examining the role of the individual in shaping history. The unit concludes with a focus on political reconstruction of the South, the struggle between the presidency and Congress, and assimilation of newly freed African-Americans into the nation.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH8 The student will explain the relationship between growing north-south divisions and westward expansion.
a. Explain how slavery became a significant issue in American politics, include the slave rebellion of Nat Turner and the rise of abolitionism (William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, and the Grimke sisters).
b. Explain the Missouri Compromise and the issue of slavery in western states and territories.
c. Describe the Nullification Crisis and the emergence of states’ rights ideology, including the role of John C. Calhoun and development of sectionalism.
d. Describe war with Mexico and the Wilmot Proviso,
e. Explain how the Compromise of 1850 arose out of territorial expansion and population growth.
SSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and individuals relating to the causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War.
a. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure of popular sovereignty, Dred Scott case, and John Brown’s raid.
b. Describe President Lincoln’s efforts to preserve the Union as seen in his second inaugural address and the Gettysburg speech and in his use of emergency powers, such as his decision to suspend habeas corpus.
c. Describe the role of Ulysses S. Grant, Robert E. Lee, “Stonewall Jackson,” William Tecumseh Sherman, and Jefferson Davis.
d. Explain the importance of Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, and the Battle for Atlanta and the impact of geography on these battles.
e. Describe the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation.
f. Explain the importance of the growing economic disparity between the North and the South through an examination of population, functioning railroads, and industrial output.
SSUSH10 The student will identify legal, political, and social dimensions of Reconstruction.
a. Compare and contrast Presidential Reconstruction with Radical Republican Reconstruction.
b. Explain efforts to redistribute land in the South among the former slaves and provide advanced education such as (Morehouse College) and describe the role the Freedmen’s Bureau.
c. Describe the significance of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.
d. Explain Black Codes, the Ku Klux Klan, and other forms of resistance to racial equality during Reconstruction.
e. Explain the impeachment of Andrew Johnson in relationship to Reconstruction.
f. Analyze how the presidential election of 1876 and the subsequent compromise of 1877 marked the end of Reconstruction.
Unit 4
Enduring Understanding and Essential Questions
The failure to follow the principles of compromise and consensus often leads to conflict and division. • How did the issue of slavery intensify the differences between the northern and southern economy, social structure, and culture? (USH8a, b; USH9a) • Why did the idea of states’ rights continue to be one of the main issues of the first half of the 19th century? (USH8c) • How did western expansion in the 1840s make conflict between the north and south inevitable? (USH8b, d; USH9a)
Fighting a war involves planning and sacrifice. • How were the key battles (Antietam, Vicksburg, Gettysburg, Atlanta) examples of successful or failed national war strategies? (USH9d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • How did the actions of Nat Turner, John C. Calhoun, and John Brown contribute to the Civil War? (USH8a, c; USH9a) • What effect did free blacks have on the cause of abolition? (USH8a) • What is the connection between abolitionism and women’s suffrage? (USH8a) • How did the military and political leadership of the North compare with that of the South? (USH9b)
The federal government plays a role in mandating political and social change. • To what extent can society regulate morals and ethics with laws? (USH9a; USH10c) • How was Reconstruction a struggle between the executive and legislative branches of government? (USH10a)
United States History
Unit 5: Expansion and Reform
Elaborated Unit Focus: The post-Civil War years in the United States saw huge changes in the American story. America’s “second industrial revolution” brought changes to the national economy with the creation of corporations. As Americans renewed westward expansion, there was conflict with Native Americans. There was a rebirth of anti-immigrant feelings. Harsh working conditions and unresponsive government gave birth to labor unions and the creation of the Progressive Party.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH11 The student will describe the economic, social, and geographic impact of the growth of big business and technological innovations after Reconstruction. a. Explain the impact of the railroads on other industries, such as steel, and on the organization of big business. b. Describe the impact of the railroads in the development of the West; include the transcontinental railroad and the use of Chinese labor. c. Identify John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company and the rise of trusts and monopolies. d. Describe the inventions of Thomas Edison; include the electric light bulb, motion pictures, and the phonograph, and their impact on American life.
SSUSH12 The student will analyze important consequences of American industrial growth. a. Describe Ellis Island, the change in immigrants’ origins to southern and eastern Europe, and the impact of this change on urban America. b. Identify the American Federation of Labor and Samuel Gompers. c. Describe the growth of the western population and its impact on Native Americans with reference to Sitting Bull and Wounded Knee. d. Describe the 1894 Pullman Strike as an example of industrial unrest.
SSUSH13 The student will identify major efforts to reform American society and politics in the Progressive Era. a. Explain Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle and federal oversight of the meatpacking industry. b. Identify Jane Addams and Hull House and describe the role of women in reform movements. c. Describe the rise of Jim Crow, Plessy v. Ferguson, and the emergence of the NAACP. d. Explain Ida Tarbell’s role as a muckraker. e. Describe the significance of progressive reforms such as the initiative, the recall, and referendum, direct election of senators, reform of labor laws, and efforts to improve living conditions for the poor in cities. f. Describe the conservation movement and the development of national parks and forests; include the role of Theodore Roosevelt.
SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century. a. Explain the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 and anti-Asian immigration sentiment on the west coast.
Unit 5
Enduring Understanding and Unit Essential Questions
Territorial and economic growth causes change in politics and society. • How did the development of the railroad influence territorial growth, economic growth, and industrial growth during the years after the Civil War? (USH11a, b; USH12c)
Changes in the economy often bring about social and political changes. • How did immigration influence the United States in the last quarter of the nineteenth century? (USH12a; USH14a) • How did the labor movement evolve during this era? (USH12b, d)
Individuals play a role in creating a nation. • Why were reformers more successful in the Gilded Age than they had been previously? (USH13a, b, d) • How did African-Americans react to federal recognition of “Jim Crow”? (USH13c)
United States History
Unit 6: Becoming a World Power
Elaborated Unit Focus: The focus of this unit is on emergence of the United States as a world power as a result of the Spanish-American War and the changes in American society and politics brought about by World War I. Debates over the U.S. role in world affairs began with expansion into the Pacific and Caribbean and ended with isolationism after World War I.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH14 The student will explain America’s evolving relationship with the world at the turn of the twentieth century.
b. Describe the Spanish-American War, the war in the Philippines, and the debate over American expansionism.
c. Explain U.S. involvement in Latin America, as reflected by the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine and the creation of the Panama Canal.
SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I.
a. Describe the movement from U.S. neutrality to engagement in World War I, with reference to unrestricted submarine warfare.
b. Explain the domestic impact of World War I, reflected by the origins of the Great Migration, the Espionage Act, and socialist Eugene Debs.
c. Explain Wilson’s Fourteen Points and the proposed League of Nations.
Unit 6
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
A nation’s foreign policy changes to ensure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • How was America’s growing involvement in world affairs between 1890-1916 an extension of the ideas of Manifest Destiny and the Monroe Doctrine? (USH14b, c) • How did industrialization lead to a greater involvement in world affairs? (USH14b) • How were court cases during this period a reflection of America’s changing ideas of world involvement? (USH14b; USH15b) • How were Wilson’s Fourteen Points a reflection of his “Missionary Diplomacy?” (USH14c, USH15a,c)
Conflicts have wide-ranging and long-term effects. • What effect did the 18th and 19th Amendments have on the people and culture of the United States? (USH15d)
United States History
Unit 7: National Crisis
Elaborated Unit Focus: The accelerated movement of African-Americans out of the Deep South to industrial jobs in the north during World War II sparked the development of the Harlem Renaissance. The influence of new inventions and ideas such as the automobile, radio, and jazz on American life will be examined as part of the Roaring Twenties. Two of the most important events in the 20th century were the Great Depression and World War II. This unit focuses on the causes and effects of these pivotal events. The influence of science and technology was critical to the defeat of the Axis Powers.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH15 The student will analyze the origins and impact of U.S. involvement in World War I.
d. Describe passage of the Eighteenth Amendment, establishing Prohibition, and the Nineteenth Amendment, and establishing women’s suffrage.
SSUSH16 The student will identify key developments in the aftermath of WWI.
a. Explain how rising communism and socialism in the United States led to the Red Scare and immigrant restriction.
b. Identify Henry Ford, mass production, and the automobile.
c. Describe the impact of radio and the movies.
d. Describe modern forms of cultural expression, including Louis Armstrong and the origins of jazz, Langston Hughes and the Harlem Renaissance, Irving Berlin, and Tin Pan Alley.
SSUSH17 The student will analyze the causes and consequences of the Great Depression.
a. Describe the causes including overproduction, underconsumption, and stock market speculation that led to the stock market crash of 1929 and Great Depression.
b. Explain factors (include over-farming and climate) that led to the Dust Bowl and the resulting movement and migration west.
c. Explain the social and political impact of widespread unemployment that resulted in developments such as Hoovervilles.
SSUSH18 The student will describe Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the depression and compare the ways governmental programs aided those in need.
a. Describe the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority as a works program and as an effort to control the environment.
b. Explain the Wagner Act and the rise of industrial unionism.
c. Explain the passage of the Social Security Act as a part of the second New Deal.
d. Identify Eleanor Roosevelt as a symbol of social progress and women’s activism.
e. Identify the political challenges to Roosevelt’s domestic and international leadership, including the role of Huey Long, the “court packing bill,” and the Neutrality Act.
SSUSH19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.
a. Explain A. Philip Randolph’s proposed march on Washington, D.C., and President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s response. b. Explain the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the internment of Japanese-Americans, German-Americans, and Italian-Americans. c. Explain major events; including the lend-lease program, the Battle of Midway, D-Day, and the fall of Berlin. d. Describe war mobilization, as indicated by rationing, war-time conversion, and the role of women in war industries. e. Describe the Manhattan Project at Los Alamos and the scientific, economic, and military implications of developing the atomic bomb. f. Compare the geographic locations of the European Theater and the Pacific Theater and the difficulties the U.S. faced in delivering weapons, food, and medical supplies to troops.
Unit 7
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Conflicts have wide-ranging and long-term effects • How was the “Red Scare” an example of America’s reluctance to be involved in world affairs? (USH16a) • How was the creation of the automobile industry an example of the impact of mass production upon the economy, politics, and culture of the United States? (USH16b) • How did mass media, the birth and evolution of jazz, and the Harlem Renaissance create a new blend of American culture? (USH16c, d)
Economic depression have many causes and multiple effects. • How did the causes of the Great Depression illustrate the intra-dependence of the American economy? (USH17a) • How did widespread unemployment between 1929-1932 affect the social and political fabric of the United States? (USH17b, c) • How did the Great Depression and World War II impact civil rights? (USH17c; USH19a, b)
Government plays a role in mandating political and social change. • What were the short-term and long-term effects of the New Deal? (USH18a, b, c, e; USH23c) • How was Eleanor Roosevelt a symbol of social progress and activities? (USH18d) • How did economic conditions of the 1930s aid the United States government as it prepared for World War II? (USH18a: USH19d) • What was the effect of the Bonus March and the proposed March on Washington in 1941 on relations between the federal government and its citizens? (USH19a)
Fighting a war comes at great cost. • How did the involvement of the United States in World War II help lead to the Allied victory? (USH19c, d, e) • How was the Manhattan Project more than a secret weapon project? (USH19e)
United States History
Unit 8: America as a World Power
(Post WWII Foreign Policy)
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit focus begins with the impact of the Cold War. Attention is paid to how the Cold War conflict was unlike any other in the nation’s history. It will also examine the involvement of the United States in the Middle East during the Cold War.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH20 The student will analyze the domestic and international impact of the Cold War on the United States.
a. Describe the creation of the Marshall Plan, U.S. commitment to Europe, the Truman Doctrine, and the origins and implications of the containment policy.
b. Explain the impact of the new communist regime in China and the outbreak of the Korean War and how these events contributed to the rise of Senator Joseph McCarthy.
c. Describe the Cuban Revolution, the Bay of Pigs, and the Cuban Missile Crisis.
d. Describe the Vietnam War, the Tet Offensive, and growing opposition to the war.
e. Explain the role of geography on the U.S. containment policy, the Korean War, the Bay of Pigs, the Cuban Missile Crisis, and the Vietnam War.
SSUSH 21 The student will explain the impact of technological development and economic growth and its impact on the United States, 1945-1975.
d. Describe the impact of competition with the USSR as evidenced by the launch of Sputnik I and President Eisenhower’s actions.
Unit 8
Enduring Understanding and Unit Essential Questions
Conflicts impact domestic and international politics. • Why did both sides in the Cold War have misperceptions of each other? (USH20a, b; USH21d) • How did the Cold War affect the United States’ view of post-war nationalism around the world? (USH20c, d) • Why did the United States develop a policy of containment? (USH20) • How did the Cold War influence events within the United States? (USH20b, d) • How did the western democracies achieve victory in the Cold War? (USH25d)
A nation’s foreign policy changes to ensure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • Why is a nation’s foreign relations policy often driven by both ideology and commerce? (USH25c) • Why has United States foreign policy in the Middle East often been reactive? (USH25c, f)
United States History
Unit 9: Post World War II: Domestic Changes
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit will examine social changes that occurred after World War II. These changes include the baby boom and the growth of the suburbs. The influence of technology, including television, the internet, and cell phone, will be examined. The heart of this unit is the study of the Civil Rights Movement. Attention will be paid not only to rights gained as a result of the non-violence movement, but also to the legacy of the movement.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH21 The student will explain the impact of technological development and economic growth and its impact on the United States, 1945-1975.
a. Describe the baby boom and the impact as shown by Levittown and the Interstate Highway Act.
b. Describe the impact television has had on American culture; including the presidential debates (Kennedy/Nixon, 1960) and news coverage of the Civil Rights Movement.
c. Analyze the impact of technology on American life, include the development of the personal computer and the cellular telephone and the expanded use of air conditioning.
SSUSH22 The student will identify dimensions of the Civil Rights Movement, 1945-1970.
a. Explain the importance of President Truman’s order to integrate the U.S. military and the federal government.
b. Identify Jackie Robinson and the integration of baseball.
c. Explain Brown v. Board of Education and efforts to resist the decision.
d. Describe the significance of Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Letter from a Birmingham Jail and his I Have a Dream speech.
e. Describe the causes and consequences of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.
SSUSH 23 The student will describe and assess the impact of political developments between 1945-1970.
a. Describe the Warren Court and the expansion of individual rights as seen in the Miranda decision.
b. Describe the political impact of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy; include the impact on civil rights legislation.
c. Explain Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society; including the establishment of Medicare.
d. Describe the social and political turmoil of 1968, including the assassinations of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert F. Kennedy, and the events surrounding the Democratic National Convention.
SSUSH24 The student will analyze the impact of social change movements and organizations of the 1960s.
a. Compare and contrast the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) and the Southern Leadership Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) tactics, include
b. sit-ins, freedom rides, and changing composition.
c. Describe the National Organization of Women (NOW) and the origins and goals of the modern women’s movement.
d. Analyze the anti-Vietnam War movement.
e. Analyze Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers’ movement.
f. Explain the importance of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring and the resulting developments; include Earth Day, the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the modern environmental movement.
g. Describe the rise of the conservative movement as seen in the presidential candidacy of Barry Goldwater (1964) and the election of Richard M. Nixon (1968).
SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.
b. Explain the impact of Supreme Court decisions on ideas about civil liberties and civil rights, including such decisions as Roe v. Wade (1973) and the Bakke decision on affirmative action.
Unit 9
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
Wars affect the economic prosperity of a country. • What factors contributed to the post World War II economic boom? (USH21) • How did education and science drive the economic boom of post World War II? (USH21c, d) • How did communication technology influence life in the United States and the world? (USH21b, c)
For a democracy to be strong and sustaining, all of its citizens should have equal political, social, and economic rights. • How did television influence public opinion about the Civil Rights Movement? (USH21b) • How did the integration of America’s social institutions, such as the military, sports, and education, help to expand the Civil Rights Movement? (USH22a, b, c; USH25b) • How did Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and his message of non-violence aid in achieving the goals of the Civil Rights Movement? (USH22d, e; USH24a) • How did the Civil Rights Movement illustrate the principles of the checks and balances and federalism? (USH22a, e) • How did the Civil Rights Movement expand to encompass other minority groups? (USH24; USH25b)
United States History
Unit 10 Changing Political Ideologies: Jimmy Carter- George W. Bush
Elaborated Unit Focus: This unit focuses on political developments following World War II. The unit develops a clear understanding of changing political ideologies, as U.S. politics shifted from liberalism to conservatism. It will also examine the growing power of television to shape politics. The final standard and elements examine history up to the war on terrorism.
GPS Standards:
SSUSH25 The student will describe changes in national politics since 1968.
a. Describe President Richard M. Nixon’s opening of China, his resignation due to the Watergate scandal, changing attitudes toward government, and the Presidency of Gerald Ford.
c. Explain Carter’s administrations’ efforts in the Middle East, including the Camp David Accords, his response to the 1979 Iranian Revolution, and Iranian hostage crisis.
d. Describe domestic and international events of Ronald Reagan’s presidency, including Reaganomics, the Iran-contra scandal, and the collapse of the Soviet Union.
e. Explain the relationship between Congress and President Bill Clinton; include the North American Free Trade Agreement and his impeachment and acquittal.
f. Analyze the 2000 presidential election and its outcome, emphasizing the role of the electoral college.
g. Analyze the response of President George W. Bush to the attacks of September 11, 2001, on the United States, the war against terrorism, and the subsequent American intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Unit 10
Enduring Understandings and Unit Essential Questions
National politics is often defined in terms of ideology. • How is an issue characterized as either liberal or conservative? (USH24a, e, f) • How have the courts shaped the liberal or conservative nature of the nation? (USH23a) • How did domestic and international events affect the presidencies of John F. Kennedy through George W. Bush? (USH23, USH24, USH25) • How has the Constitution been tested by controversy during the terms of presidents since Lyndon B. Johnson? (USH25)
A nation’s foreign policy changes to insure that the nation’s interests are protected and advanced. • Why does the United States have such a powerful influence on the world economy? (USH25c, d, e) • Why is there disagreement about economic alliances such as the North American Free Trade Treaty? (USH25e)
Social Studies Skills Matrices MAP AND GLOBE SKILLS
GOAL: The student will use maps to retrieve social studies information.
I: indicates when a skill is introduced in the standards and elements as part of the content
D: indicates grade levels where the teacher must develop that skill using the appropriate content
M: indicates grade level by which student should achieve mastery, the ability to use the skill in all situations
A: indicates grade levels where students will continue to apply and improve mastered skills
Map and Globe Skills |K |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 |6 |7 |8 |9-12 | |1. use cardinal directions |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | |2. use intermediate directions | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A |A | |3. use a letter/number grid system to determine location | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |4. compare and contrast the categories of natural, cultural, and political features found on maps | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |5. use inch to inch map scale to determine distance on map | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A |A | |6. use map key/legend to acquire information from, historical, physical, political, resource, product and economic maps | | |I |D |M |A |A |A |A |A | |7. use a map to explain impact of geography on historical and current events | | |I |D |M |A |A |A |A |A | |8. draw conclusions and make generalizations based on information from maps | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A |A | |9. use latitude and longitude to determine location | | | |I |D |D |D |M |A |A | |10. use graphic scales to determine distances on a map | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |11. compare maps of the same place at different points in time and from different perspectives to determine changes, identify trends, and generalize about human activities | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |12. compare maps with data sets (charts, tables, graphs) and /or readings to draw conclusions and make generalizations | | | | |I |M |A |A |A |A | |
INFORMATION PROCESSING SKILLS
GOAL: The student will be able to locate, analyze, and synthesize information related to social studies topics and apply this information to solve problems/make decisions.
I: indicates when a skill is introduced in the standards and elements as part of the content
D: indicates grade levels where the teacher must develop that skill using the appropriate content
M: indicates grade level by which student should achieve mastery, the ability to use the skill in all situations
A: indicates grade levels where students will continue to apply and improve mastered skills
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Standards: 1, 2
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit One focus:
Colonial Era
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Colonization • Physical Migration (free and forced) • Importing of Intellectual Ideals
Social and Political Interactions • Colonial Governments • Social Mobility
Conflict and Compromise • European/Native American conflict • Colonial conflict with royal government • Conflict among colonists
Ideas and Beliefs • Great Awakening • Individualism
Standards: 3, 4, 5
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Two focus:
Revolution to Constitution
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Colonial response to actions of Parliament • Development of political parties
Conflict and Compromise • French and Indian War • American Revolution • Constitutional Convention • Federalists vs Anti-Federalists
Ideas and Beliefs • Social contract • Limited government • Individual and states’ rights • Key documents
Expansion • Ohio Valley, Proclamation of 1763
Standards: 8, 9, 10
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Four focus:
A Divided Nation
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Abolitionist Movement • Reconstruction • Popular sovereignty
Conflict and Compromise • States’ Rights vs Nationalism • Mexican-American War • Territorial Expansion and Slavery • Civil War
Standards: 5e, 6, 7
1st Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Three focus:
Creating a Nation
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Transportation improvements • Early Industrial Revolution
Social and Political Interactions • Jacksonian Democracy • Reform movements • Extension of suffrage
Conflict and Compromise • War of 1812
Expansion • Louisiana Purchase • Monroe Doctrine • Manifest Destiny national identity
Standards: 11, 12, 13, 14a
1st Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Five focus:
Expansion and Reform
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Westward migration • Immigration • Urbanization
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Industrialization
Social and Political Interactions • Reform Movements • Changing Role of Government
Conflict and Compromise • Native American conflicts
Standards: 14, 15,
2nd Semester, 2 weeks
Unit Six focus:
Becoming a
World Power
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Constitutional amendments
Conflict and Compromise • World War I • Treaty of Versailles (1919)
Expansion • Debate over American expansionism
Standards: 20, 21d,
2nd Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Eight focus:
America as a
World Power: Cold War
Standards: 15d, 16, 17, 18, 19
2nd Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Seven focus:
National Crisis
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Movement • Dust Bowl • Great Migration
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Causes and effects of the Great Depression • Demands on Industrial Productivity • War mobilization • Growth of media • Impact of the automobile
Social and Political Interactions • Impact of the New Deal • Domestic Impact of World War II • Constitutional amendments • Isolationism • New forms of entertainment
Conflict and Compromise • World War II
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Social and Political Interactions • Domestic impact of the Cold War
Conflict and Compromise • Cold War • Regional Conflicts
Globalization • Post-War policies • International Relations
Standards:19a, 21a-c, 22, 23, 24, , 25b
2nd Semester, 4 weeks
Unit Nine focus:
Post World War II: Domestic Changes
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Trade, Industry, and Technology • Impact of changes in the media • Changing demographics
Social and Political Interactions • Civil Rights Movement • Other reform movements • Judicial activism
Standards: 25
2nd Semester, 3 weeks
Unit Ten focus:
Changing Political Ideologies: Carter- George W. Bush
Themes and Concepts/Topics:
Conflict and Compromise • Conservatism vs Liberalism
Globalization • U.S. role in world affairs • Terrorism
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