There are two types of observation, covert and overt. The difference between them is that covert observation is when the people being observed do not know they’re being watched or studied, and overt observation is when they have been told and given consent to be observed by the researcher.…
2. What ethical risks are involved in observation? In the use of unobtrusive measures? Anyobservationsthatinvolveindividualswhoareunawarepresentethicalconcerns. Individualsinobservationstudiesthatuseunobtrusivemeasurescanbesneaky.Meaningthe studycanbeconcealedfromthoseinvolvedwithouttheirapproval.Forexample,studiesthat makeuseofonewaymirrors,hiddencameras,hiddenmicrophones,etc.…
However, this technique also has some disadvantage. First, it’s likely for me to have a close relationship with others which may influence the results. Second, it’s quite difficult for me to be accepted in the group (maybe I’m too different from them). Third, this technique requires a great deal of skill and commitment from the researchers. I must have the ability to fit-in with the people being observed and the ability to communicate naturally to them without letting them know my purposes.…
Participant observation can be completed both overtly and covertly, and it depends on which method is chosen to which strengths and limitations occur. There are many variables to be considered when choosing which method of investigation should be chosen to be acted upon. Such things as; is it likely the researcher will be allowed into the group willingly, is the subject of the investigation likely to be openly expressed by the people involved, are there any ethical issues that could occur and put a negative effect on the interviewee, and which method will receive the best results. Many sociologists choose the method of participant observation due to being able to gain qualitative data which will incidentally obtain more valid results because then the true actions of the group being studied can be revealed.…
Overall I believe covert participant observation would be better when researching difficult subjects; this is because the researcher gains a better understanding of the…
Disadvantages: Like a child being watched by one of higher authority, someone who’s being observed by a researcher may alter their behavior. Researcher’s beliefs can also alter their observations or results. It is also very difficult to coordinate multiple observers because behaviors must…
-may not be in a form that allows the researcher to test a hypothesis fully…
For the purpose of this research a nonprobability type of sampling will take place. Participants will be recruited from three outpatient substance abusing programs in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex and surrounding areas. The study opportunity will be announced to individuals after group therapy sessions and by posting flyers at different outpatient substance abusing program facilities. Purposive sampling will be most beneficial because it will allow for the deliberate selection of individuals that have been based on predefined criteria. Individuals must be 18 years or older and be the biological caretaker of a child between the ages of 2 and 5. The participants must be able to speak English and have been diagnosed with a substance use disorder within the last 3 years. If a participant has more than one child they must only report on one child between the required ages.…
The most challenging part of the research paper process was trying to find adequate information that was reliable to put in the paper. It was hard for me to make a decision between short and many paragraphs or few and long paragraphs. Also, it was challenging not to use too many medical terms because the terms would tie into another topic.…
4/Based on your answer to question 3, how would you state Bowden’s research question, if she was submitting this article to Dr. Kelly as her class project for Research Methods?…
If I were to conduct research I would use naturalistic observation. Naturalistic observation is the “in-depth study of a phenomenon in its natural setting” (Cacioppo & Freberg, 2013, p. 34), which basically means watching your subject and studying their behavior. This method seems the most effective because with no variables being thrown in to affect their behavior I could learn a lot about a subject by how they act. This would prove more useful when studying animals rather than people because many people change the way they act when they know they are being watched. Animals on the contrary will act relatively the same.…
Second type of methods is surveys. Surveys are conducted when a researcher wants quickly to gather a big amount of data. They have low cost, wide range of respondents, easy to conduct and systemize the results. Surveys are usually in a written form and they can be transferred to people in various ways- through e-mail, Web pages or questions can be asked in a person or through telephone call. This type also has few flaws- not all participants will answer to all questions, meaning they can skips some parts, it usually has a low return rate of answers and…
1. A method of research known as Naturalistic Observation allows psychologist to study behavior as it occurs in real life settings.…
Paper presented at STRATEGIES IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH: ISSUES AND RESULTS FROM ANALYSIS USING QSR NVIVO AND NUD*IST, conference at the Institute of Education, London - 29-30 September 2000…
Observation is a primary method of collecting data by human, mechanical, electrical or electronic means. The researcher may or may not…