Gram Negative Bacteria

NAME: PRAJWAL BHARADWAJ
Ampicillin, Vancomycin, and Tetracycline Effectiveness on Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria.
INTRODUCTION:
Bacteria are microbial organisms which are present in various environments. Many bacteria are good and help humans synthesize materials and assist in biological processes, such as digestion. However, some bacteria can cause harmful diseases. When harmful bacteria infects the body, people take antibiotics in order to suppress bacteria. Different antibiotics have different ways they suppress bacteria, and the efficacy of antibiotics depends on the structure of the bacteria which they are targeting. The specific bacteria being studies in this experiment is E Coli and Enterococcus. E Coli is a bacteria which may cause diarrheal disease (CDC.gov), and Enterococcus may cause urinary tract infection (Kau).
Bacteria are primarily classified as either Gram Positive or Gram Negative. Gram Positive Bacteria lack an outer membrane and have multiple layers of peptidoglycan than can range from 30nm-100nm, whereas gram negative bacteria have an outer membrane and only a few layers of peptidoglycan, which are a few nanometer thick (Silhavy, 2010). Different antibiotics can affect gram positive and gram negative bacteria to
The reason why that was so was because Ampicillin functions by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PCP) and preventing cell wall synthesis (Adnan,). Since PCP is used to create peptidoglycan (Scheffers), and Gram Positive Bacteria has more peptidoglycan than Gram Negative bacteria (Silhavy, 2010), it can be reasonably assumed that Gram Positive Bacteria such as Enterococcus has a high concentration of PCP than Gram negative bacteria such as E Coli. Since Enterococcus has a greater concentration of PCP than E Coli, Ampicillin is more effective on Enterococcus than on E