Gingival Recession Essay

Gingival recession is a common feature in populations with high standards of oral hygiene, as well as in populations with poor oral hygiene.1-3 Incidence of gingival recession varies from 8% in children to 100% after age 50 years.4 Several aspects of gingival recession such as esthetic/cosmetic demands and root sensitivity make it clinically significant and required surgical correction. Another common indication for root coverage procedures is to reshape the architecture of the marginal soft tissue in order to facilitate plaque control.5 Pedicle grafts,6 free gingival grafts 7, guided tissue regeneration,8 and subepithelial connective tissue grafts (SCTG)9 are the most commonly used surgical procedures in the treatment of gingival recessions. At the present time the SCTG technique is considered as “gold standard” of periodontal plastic surgery.9 Although this procedure is highly predictable and resulted in successful long-term root coverage, but it is limited in supply and significantly increases patient morbidity.10 With the availability of an alternative source of donor tissue, less surgery would be necessary and the potential morbidity associated with root
It is the innermost of the layers forming the fetal membranes and has a thin epithelial layer, a thick basement membrane and an avascular stroma consisting mainly of collagen (figure 1). Experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that AM promotes reepithelialization, modulates angiogenesis, has antibacterial properties, low immunogenicity, and decreases inflammatory process.12-16 Recent studies showed that AM is an abundant source of several growth factors such as transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),basic fibroblast growth factor(b FGF ), epidermal growth factor(EGF), transforming growth factor-α(TGF-α), keratinocyte growth factor(KGF) and hepatocyte growth