Fuzzy Logic Ideas: Forest Road Constructions And Natural Environment

2.2.1 Forest Road Constructions and Natural Environment
Forest Road Constructions have serious effects to the natural environment. These effects can be direct or indirect. Road technical works that include big cut up and fill up constructions change the natural landscape and the ecological balance. Natural landscape is aesthetically downgraded. The vegetation (e.g. trees, bushes) that was previously located on the roadway is removed therefore forest environmental and social advantages (oxygen production, filtering of contamination, prevention of soil erosion, protection of hydrological balance, absorption of noise, creation of ideal micro-climate and temperature balance) are minimized. It is found that surface water flow increases 30-90 % without enriching the same time the underground water depositions (Eskioglou, 2010).
It is obvious that forest road constructions mainly harm natural environment. However these constructions are required for the transportation of forest products. Therefore we must
large scale control process and control systems (Sugeno et al.,1993). Fuzzy logic is the most prominent approach for systems involving nonlinearities and lack of analytical models. The main advantage of this approach is that incorporates in advance qualitative information about the system behavior. Fuzzy logic is indispensable for the analysis of systems whose sharp representation with mathematical models is poor (Pappis et al., 2000). In this study fuzzy logic is used to detect the forest roads on the generated DTM of the study area and the input data we have is the elevation of each location. The forest road borders are not sharp and there is an uncertainty that makes difficult to assign crisp values to DTM cells based on their road membership (elevation differences between road and non-road locations are