The two despots underwent years of brutal wars with their neighboring countries in order to expand their territories. Half a year after Frederick II became…
It takes a modest amount of research and little more than conversational knowledge of modern history to accurately make the claim that the Jewish people have had an incredibly idiosyncratic relationship with Europe and its many powers throughout ancient and contemporary history. The way they have interacted with various political powers throughout the 20th century is, without straying into subjectivity, remarkable, to say the least. Every nation that has at one point been a home for the Jewish people has formed their own, specific relationship with them. This relationship can, and has, ranged from celebrating full rights for them to adopting a complacent role towards genocide, sometimes even publicly endorsing it.…
The history of the Germanic Empire directly before Barbarossa's rule was a deeply troubled one, filled with War and Conflict which would lead to the Monarchy's power being diminished to what it was when Barbarossa took over the throne from Conrad the 3rd in 1152. As already stated, Barbarossa ascended the throne at a time when Monarchical power was extremely weak, something which can be attributed in many ways to the Investiture Struggle which had only ended officially in 1122 with the Concordat of Worms. During this strife, which was between the Pope and the Emperor over the Emperors right to appoint Bishops, the German Princes rebelled against the government in 1076 which lead to the undermining of the Crown's authority. With this developed the solely elective nature of the German Crown and paved a move away from the joint elective and hereditary nature of Monarchy in Germany. This in itself was not the downfall of the Crowns power, rather, the need for Henry 4th in 1100 to gift substantial amounts of Crownland to the Princes in order to ensure their loyalty and support, and later the division of the remaining land between Lothar 3rd and Conrad 3rd, again greatly diminishing the land the Crown held to virtually…
It was a war between the Britain, France and Spain from 1754 to 1763 and was a result of all three kingdoms trying to establish dominance over one another. It was took place in North and South America as well as the Caribbean. It would also drag the colonist and Indians into the war as well. What was biggest impact of the seven years’ war? One of the largest impacts of the war was the emergence of England’s power over Europe. That and the redistribution of lands after the way that brought about the consolidation of North America east of the Mississippi river. The consolidation took in account the colonist from Europe and allowed them to sell their land move but left the Indians who didn’t side with England high and dry. This lead to rebellions by the Indians, like Pontiacs…
In the late eighteenth century, a new type of monarchy, enlightened absolutism, emerged. In this system, rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers. The monarchs would have absolute power and would attempt to protect the liberties of the people of their kingdoms. Rulers would incorporate ideas like religious toleration and the freedoms of speech and press as they ruled. One of the rulers that fulfilled the idea of enlightened absolutism was Frederick the Great. He ruled from 1740 to 1786, and fulfilled the idea of enlightened absolutism because he governed using the ideas of enlightenment philosophers. He did this by attempting to abolish serfdom, which is the condition of a tenant farmer who…
Bismarck provoked Austria to fight in the Seven Weeks' War. A single battle, the Battle of Königgrätz on July 3, 1866, decided the war and decided the fate of Austria. Prussian-led Germany would forever exclude Austria. After this victory, the German Confederation was officially dissolved, and several northern German states joined into a North German Confederation with Prussia. In 1867, Bismarck was appointed Chancellor of the North German Confederation, and Wilhelm I served as…
The Seven Years War was fought between Great Britain and France and affected many different countries. Conflict began when the British attacked French territory in North America and seized many of their ships. In addition, Prussia engaged in conflict with Saxony. Since Saxony had an alliance with France, Russia, Austria, Sweden, all of these countries were drawn into war. In Voltaire’s Candide, the French are represented by the Abares while the Bulgarians signified Fredrick the Great’s Prussian army. The ghastly consequences and destruction brought on by the Seven Years War affected the composition of Candide. Voltaire was disgusted by the amount of slaughter in the war, which led him to write the anti-war satire (“Candide”, 1).…
Before the Lutheran Revolt the Holy Roman Empire is a weak confederation of over 360 separate political units. The Holy Roman Empire, like any society, is a mix of political, economic and social states that are inseparable, with emphasis on religion and morality. When we put the Protestant reformer, Martin Luther, was added to the mix, it leads to a severe weakening of the society. The Holy Roman Empire was a result of political, economic, and societal controversies that consequently lead to the Lutheran revolt.…
The Seven Year’s War, which began in 1756, was a period in time in which many different countries from across the globe fought one another. This war had European origins in the sense that it began because land was taken from Austria “during the War of Austrian Succession (1740-1748)” by Frederik II, the king of Prussia. During this war, there were two major sides with “France, Austria, Russia, Saxony, Sweden, and (after 1762) Spain on one side and Prussia, Great Britain, and Hanover on the other.” Because of the vast number of countries that fought in this war, some individuals view the Seven Years’ War as the very First World War.…
The conclusion of the Seven Years’ War began a tumultuous period in American history. With the victory Great Britain obtained supremacy and world dominance, however their greatest prize (Colonial America) was becoming rebellious. Therefore, the British recognized the need for more controlling polices and forced taxation to pay for a massive war debt. Many believed that the American colonies were equally obligated in assisting with the recovery of funds lost in the Seven Years’ War. Thus, a shift in British ideology would create a series of events that would culminate in a fight for independence. The Proclamation of 1763 was the first of many laws passed under the leadership of new Prime Minister Lord George Grenville that would greatly change the relationship between Great Britain and its North American colonies over the next dozen years (Stockwell, 2012, p. 4.5). In addition, a series of taxes were levied by the British which many colonists opposed and express concern. The continues changes in British policies along with the increasing taxation forced colonists to revolt and called for a self-governing committee to react to a new series of British policies. Moreover, tension between colonists and British occupiers had become volatile and a series of altercations had occurred. The costly effects of the Seven Years’ War forced the British to implement a series of taxes which altered the attitudes of the colonists, ultimately forcing many to express patriotism and call for the development of a Continental Congress.…
McCue, Michael Westaway. "The Soldier And The 'King '." American History 37.2 (2002): 44. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 1 Oct. 2014…
Frederick the Great, Catherine the Great, and Joseph II are good examples of Enlightened Despots. Frederick II (Frederick the Great), the most famous Prussian absolute monarch and a military genius, pursued an aggressive foreign policy. In 1740 he seized from Austria the province of Silesia. His action culminated in a major European conflict, the Seven Years' War (1756-1763), in which he was pitted against a powerful European coalition of Austria, Russia, and France. Frederick, aided only by England, barely managed to retain Silesia. In 1772 Frederick shared in the first partition of Poland by annexing western Poland. Frederick the Great was an almost perfect example of the enlightened despot. He was familiar with the ideas of the eighteenth-century reformers and a friend of Voltaire. Many of the philosophers, including Voltaire, felt progress could come faster if the government were directed by a reasonable, benevolent, enlightened despot, who would make his state's welfare his/her highest aim. Frederick the Great was just such a man. Frederick the Great was a dazzling military and administrative success. His passion for military victory and his concern for his subjects provide the almost perfect example of the Enlightened…
From 1756 to 1763, the Seven Years War took place. The major opponents of the war were Great Britain and France. After nine years of conflict and many losses on both sides the war ended with the…
Prior to this was the Seven Years War, also known as the French and Indian War. This war was fought between the British Empire and the colonists, against the French and the Native Americans of North America. The main disputes between the Empires in the colonies deferred from the idea that both countries wanted to control majority of North America. The result of the war continued the French settlements of all of North America and made room for the British Empire to expand their civilizations. Following the Seven Years was the Proclamation of 1763.…
The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries saw a bunch of top-notch wars, but the Seven Years War, also called the French and Indian War, because it was the first truly global war. This significant war was subsequently the leading factor to lead into the American Revolution. The American’s referred to it as The French and Indian War. The Prussians called it The Silesian War and the Swede’s called it the Pomeranian war. In fact a historian named Winston Churchill called it “the first world war (Harrison 1965, 13).” The entire war in Europe is that Prussia and Great Britain fought France and Austria, and that the Austrian Hapsburgs wanted to win back Silesia, but which they failed to do. Although wars usually have really complicated causes and it’s very rare that we can refer to one thing that is making them inevitable, yet fortunately the Seven Years War is an exceptional event for this.…