Focus on Application
Focus on Application-ANOVA Testing
The concept I will be discussing is ANOVA Testing. I will perform an ANOVA test to determine if there is a difference in nicotine levels of king size filtered, non-filtered, and menthol cigarettes. I will identify the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis, F-value, F-critical, P-value, and state the final conclusion.
A simple random test of 25 filtered, non-filtered and menthol test was collected and the nicotine amount measured. All of the cigarettes are 100mm with a significance level of 0.05. μ_1=μ_2=μ_3 is the null hypothesis.
I used a single Anova: Single factor test using Microsoft Excel 2010. Based upon the given information :
F=(variance between samples)/(variance within samples)
You look at the F statistic and the F critical- we do not reject the null hypothesis because the F statistic is lower than the F critical which indicates that the variances are the same. If the F statistic is higher than the F critical than you do reject the null hypothesis because it would indicate that the variances are NOT the same. In our example the F statistic IS LOWER than the F critical therefore we would NOT reject the null hypothesis. Another helpful piece of information to know is that if your P-value is higher than your stated alpha level than we do NOT reject the null hypothesis.
According to Wikepedia 2012, “A cigarette filter has the purpose of reducing the amount of smoke, tar, and fine particles inhaled during the combustion of a cigarette. Filters also reduce the harshness of the smoke and keep tobacco flakes out of the smoker's mouth.” Based upon my test results and various information such as above that I have tried to find, filters on cigarettes do not reduce the amount of nicotine in a cigarette. I believe that filters are helpful as stated above in reduceing the harsheness of the smoke and keep tobacco flakes out of the smoker’s mouth, and also reduces the about of tar in the cigarettes based upon other
The concept I will be discussing is ANOVA Testing. I will perform an ANOVA test to determine if there is a difference in nicotine levels of king size filtered, non-filtered, and menthol cigarettes. I will identify the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis, F-value, F-critical, P-value, and state the final conclusion.
A simple random test of 25 filtered, non-filtered and menthol test was collected and the nicotine amount measured. All of the cigarettes are 100mm with a significance level of 0.05. μ_1=μ_2=μ_3 is the null hypothesis.
I used a single Anova: Single factor test using Microsoft Excel 2010. Based upon the given information :
F=(variance between samples)/(variance within samples)
You look at the F statistic and the F critical- we do not reject the null hypothesis because the F statistic is lower than the F critical which indicates that the variances are the same. If the F statistic is higher than the F critical than you do reject the null hypothesis because it would indicate that the variances are NOT the same. In our example the F statistic IS LOWER than the F critical therefore we would NOT reject the null hypothesis. Another helpful piece of information to know is that if your P-value is higher than your stated alpha level than we do NOT reject the null hypothesis.
According to Wikepedia 2012, “A cigarette filter has the purpose of reducing the amount of smoke, tar, and fine particles inhaled during the combustion of a cigarette. Filters also reduce the harshness of the smoke and keep tobacco flakes out of the smoker's mouth.” Based upon my test results and various information such as above that I have tried to find, filters on cigarettes do not reduce the amount of nicotine in a cigarette. I believe that filters are helpful as stated above in reduceing the harsheness of the smoke and keep tobacco flakes out of the smoker’s mouth, and also reduces the about of tar in the cigarettes based upon other