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Excretion Questions Chaiken of Biology
1. Distinguish between excretion and egestion/defecation. Why is excretion necessary for life?
EXCRETION INCLUDES BALANCING (HOMEOSTASIS) REACTION PRODUCTS, TOXINS, MOLECULES IN EXCESS AND TOO LITTLE.
EGESTION INCLUDES MOLECULES THAT ARE EXITING YOUR ANUS CHEMICALLY UNCHANGED
2. Name three excretory organs of humans. What liquids carry the urea that is excreted? Which organ of another studied organism resembles the nephron in function?
THREE EXCRETORY ORGANS: KIDNESY, LUNG, SKIN
UREA MUST BE MIXED IN WATER TO BE EXCRETED BY THE NEPHRON AND SKIN.
THE NEPHRIDIA OF THE EARTHWORM IS SIMILAR IN STRUCTURE/FUNCTION TO THE NEPHRON OF A VERTEBRATE MAMMAL KIDNEY.
3. How are the excretory wastes carbon dioxide and water produced in the body?
CARBON DIOXIDE IS AN EXCRETORY WASTE FROM RESPIRATION. IF YOU FOLLOW THE CARBONS, THEY ORIGINATED WITH ORGANIC FOOD MOLECULES. WATER IS AN EXCRETORY WASTE FROM RESPIRATION. IF YOU FOLLOW THE OXYGEN, IT ORIGINATED AS OXYGEN GAS FROM THE ATMOSPHERE.
4. What is deamination? In what forms are nitrogenous wastes excreted?
THE LIVER PERFORMS DEAMINATION. IT IS THE REMOVAL OF THE AMINO GROUP FROM AN AMINO ACID. DEPENDING ON WHO YOU ARE, WHERE YOU LIVE AND WHAT ENZYMES YOU SYNTHESIZE, THE ORGANISM MAY EXCRETE UREA, URIC ACID OR AMMONIA.
5. Why would it be disadvantageous for humans to excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonia? How are fish adapted for the excretion of ammonia?
AMMONIA IS VERY TOXIC AND MUST BE IMMEDIATELY REMOVED FROM THE VACINITY OF CELLS. THIS CAN BE DONE BY IMMEDIATELY DIFFUSING IT INTO A LARGE QUANTITY OF WATER. HUMANS DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH WATER TO DILUTE THE TOXIN. FISH DIFFUSE THE AMMONIA IMMEDIATELY OUT OF THEIR GILLS. THEIR ENVIRONMENT HAS ENOUGH WATER TO DILUTE THE AMMONIA.
Completion Questions
1. Which of the following is most likely to excrete most of its nitrogenous waste as ammonia?
*****a) Paramecium
1. Distinguish between excretion and egestion/defecation. Why is excretion necessary for life?
EXCRETION INCLUDES BALANCING (HOMEOSTASIS) REACTION PRODUCTS, TOXINS, MOLECULES IN EXCESS AND TOO LITTLE.
EGESTION INCLUDES MOLECULES THAT ARE EXITING YOUR ANUS CHEMICALLY UNCHANGED
2. Name three excretory organs of humans. What liquids carry the urea that is excreted? Which organ of another studied organism resembles the nephron in function?
THREE EXCRETORY ORGANS: KIDNESY, LUNG, SKIN
UREA MUST BE MIXED IN WATER TO BE EXCRETED BY THE NEPHRON AND SKIN.
THE NEPHRIDIA OF THE EARTHWORM IS SIMILAR IN STRUCTURE/FUNCTION TO THE NEPHRON OF A VERTEBRATE MAMMAL KIDNEY.
3. How are the excretory wastes carbon dioxide and water produced in the body?
CARBON DIOXIDE IS AN EXCRETORY WASTE FROM RESPIRATION. IF YOU FOLLOW THE CARBONS, THEY ORIGINATED WITH ORGANIC FOOD MOLECULES. WATER IS AN EXCRETORY WASTE FROM RESPIRATION. IF YOU FOLLOW THE OXYGEN, IT ORIGINATED AS OXYGEN GAS FROM THE ATMOSPHERE.
4. What is deamination? In what forms are nitrogenous wastes excreted?
THE LIVER PERFORMS DEAMINATION. IT IS THE REMOVAL OF THE AMINO GROUP FROM AN AMINO ACID. DEPENDING ON WHO YOU ARE, WHERE YOU LIVE AND WHAT ENZYMES YOU SYNTHESIZE, THE ORGANISM MAY EXCRETE UREA, URIC ACID OR AMMONIA.
5. Why would it be disadvantageous for humans to excrete nitrogenous waste in the form of ammonia? How are fish adapted for the excretion of ammonia?
AMMONIA IS VERY TOXIC AND MUST BE IMMEDIATELY REMOVED FROM THE VACINITY OF CELLS. THIS CAN BE DONE BY IMMEDIATELY DIFFUSING IT INTO A LARGE QUANTITY OF WATER. HUMANS DO NOT HAVE ENOUGH WATER TO DILUTE THE TOXIN. FISH DIFFUSE THE AMMONIA IMMEDIATELY OUT OF THEIR GILLS. THEIR ENVIRONMENT HAS ENOUGH WATER TO DILUTE THE AMMONIA.
Completion Questions
1. Which of the following is most likely to excrete most of its nitrogenous waste as ammonia?
*****a) Paramecium