Mackinley Metheny
Arkansas History
Mr. Hooper
April
The Elaine Race Riot happened in 1919, it was when a white group killed two hundered African Americans, and only five white people. This was the first time the government had ever done anything about a race-based crime in the south. It was the deadliest and bloodiest racial act in Arkansas that has happened. It happened on September 30, 1919, it was a shooting that happened during a Progressive Farmers and Household Union meeting. They had a meeting because one black sharecroppers wanted better pay checks for cotton from white owners, and this wasn’t the first time this has happened either. They sat guards outside the church during the meeting so there wouldn’t be any disruptions. Because of that, W.A. Adkins a white security officer had died, and Charles Pratt a white deputy sheriff was wounded. Later on, Another Sheriff arrested the suspects that were sitting in a car in front of the church; he figured they were involved someway. They were kind of scared to go to that part of Philips County because the number of African American out numbered the number of whites. They had to send out a telegram to get more soldiers and after they arrived they held a couple hundred African Americans so they could give them their alibi and be questioned. Although they was trying to fix the problem, the mobs of white people killed African American all around Elaine some of the troops even began to help the mobs, that they also tortured them to get information out of them. Colonel Jenks the head of the troops only put down that they had killed two African Americans. After that, they formed a Committee of Seven so they could investigate the problems. They worked really hard and tried to find out what was going on.
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