Female Gentile Mutilation in Upper Egypt
“Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt” By: Mohamed Ahmed ID: 900094048 Draft: 02 Course and Section Number: REHT 101_ 05 Date: 11th of May, 2012
Outline
I. Introduction A. Origins B. Traditions of Female Circumcision C. Thesis: Beliefs and practices of female circumcision in Upper Egypt II. Different types of circumcision A. Cutting tip of clitoris B. Most severe Cutting C. Procedure III. Physical Cleanliness and Purity A. Early Adulthood B. Increasing of girls’ femininity C. Producing more children IV. Social Standing A. Combination into the society B. Ethical groups C. Financial Situation V. Religious Obligation VI. Solutions A. Education B. Raising Awareness
Abstract
This paper analyzes some claims that are still believed by people in Upper Egypt towards the female genital mutilation. It also discusses the psychological and the physical harm that happens to the girl once she undergoes this procedure. This paper analyzes the female mutilation as cultural and religious behavior. It also shows that FGM consequences in many long-term medical complications, and it is a widespread process throughout Egypt.
Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt
The issue of female circumcision comes as a matter of heritage and traditions established in Upper Egypt, and also as a matter of neglected area. The Upper culture and heritage extends to more than 5 thousand years, and it influenced the upper people, and it formed their rigid personal inertia. That is why the issue of circumcision is associated with rigid traditions and heritage of a long practice before the existence of monotheistic religions. Despite the rumors that circumcision is usually an old Egyptian habit, but its roots actually did not grow in Egypt. It probably entered Egypt through Africa with the Abyssinian invasion in the past. There are many beliefs and
Outline
I. Introduction A. Origins B. Traditions of Female Circumcision C. Thesis: Beliefs and practices of female circumcision in Upper Egypt II. Different types of circumcision A. Cutting tip of clitoris B. Most severe Cutting C. Procedure III. Physical Cleanliness and Purity A. Early Adulthood B. Increasing of girls’ femininity C. Producing more children IV. Social Standing A. Combination into the society B. Ethical groups C. Financial Situation V. Religious Obligation VI. Solutions A. Education B. Raising Awareness
Abstract
This paper analyzes some claims that are still believed by people in Upper Egypt towards the female genital mutilation. It also discusses the psychological and the physical harm that happens to the girl once she undergoes this procedure. This paper analyzes the female mutilation as cultural and religious behavior. It also shows that FGM consequences in many long-term medical complications, and it is a widespread process throughout Egypt.
Female Genital Mutilation in Egypt
The issue of female circumcision comes as a matter of heritage and traditions established in Upper Egypt, and also as a matter of neglected area. The Upper culture and heritage extends to more than 5 thousand years, and it influenced the upper people, and it formed their rigid personal inertia. That is why the issue of circumcision is associated with rigid traditions and heritage of a long practice before the existence of monotheistic religions. Despite the rumors that circumcision is usually an old Egyptian habit, but its roots actually did not grow in Egypt. It probably entered Egypt through Africa with the Abyssinian invasion in the past. There are many beliefs and
Bibliography: * Chelala, Cesar. "Egypt Takes Decisive Stance Against Female Genital Mutilation." Lancet 351.9096 (1998): 120. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Abstract: This paper discuses the prohibition taken by Egypt 's highest court against female genital mutilation on December 1997. Many Islamic scholars tried to prove that Mutilation comes from the hygiene and the purity. Also there are some people believe that this issue should be considered as a cultural and religious one not a subject to be decided by courts. Education is the most important element is needed in order to limit this habit. * Hadi, Amal Abd El. "A Step Forward Of Opponents For Female Genital Mutilation In Egypt." Lancet 349.9045 (1997): 129. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Apr. 2012. Abstract: This paper shows that Dr. Ismail Sallam, the Egyptian Minister of Health, issued a judgment in July 1996 that prevents doctors from making female genital mutilation operations in any kinds of health clinic even if it was Public or private. It also discusses the struggle against female genital mutilation and the barriers that may be stand for the progress of the campaign. * RAYA, PATRICIA DIANE. "Female Genital Mutilation And The Perpetuation Of Multigenerational Trauma." Journal Of Psychohistory 37.4 (2010): 297-325. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Apr. 2012 Abstract: A conference paper about female genital mutilation as a form of early days suffering that reaches its maximum pain in developmental and psycho neurobiological weakness is presented. It analyzes FGM within the perspective of political repression, as a complex pain, and as a means of false awareness. It discusses FGM as it takes place in the U.S., Sudan, and Egypt to discover this practice 's procedures and the systems that allow it to happen.