Explain Why Hate Crime Legislation Has Been So Controversial In The United States
1) Legally define “hate crime,” and explain why hate crime legislation has been so controversial in the United States.
A hate crime is an assault or any other crime directed at a person of another race or religion. Hate crimes are usually very brutal and harmful, and victims are not only hurt physically but also are emotionally traumatized and terrified (Fritsch et al, 2015). For others in the community who have similar victim’s characteristic, they may also feel victimized and vulnerable, posing a possible increase in an attempt to retaliate for the original offense. The legislation does not allow individuals to be prosecuted for their hateful thoughts, but instead allows them to be punished for their hateful acts. Thus, willfully inflicting …show more content…
The intelligence may collect information notwithstanding that the law enforcement agency intends to use the information collected for purposes of a law enforcement investigation or counterintelligence investigation (Fritsch et al, 2015). Thus, this alters the traditional distinction between intelligence and law enforcement. So, the connection of these two government function raises questions concerning the methods of collection, targets of collection, and the use of the resulting information, corresponding with the development of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence.
7) List and discuss some of the weaknesses associated with U.S. intelligence in the aftermath of September 11, 2001.
1) There was a failure to place an emphasis on traditional human intelligence gathering and analysis and depending too much on technology tools such as spy satellites and expert system programs to gain intelligence advantages. 2) A failure to provide timely, accurate, and specific intelligence information to law enforcement agencies and U.S. policy makers. 3) Over bureaucratic and decentralized structure with the FBI that delayed counterterrorism efforts and the efficient use of intelligence
A hate crime is an assault or any other crime directed at a person of another race or religion. Hate crimes are usually very brutal and harmful, and victims are not only hurt physically but also are emotionally traumatized and terrified (Fritsch et al, 2015). For others in the community who have similar victim’s characteristic, they may also feel victimized and vulnerable, posing a possible increase in an attempt to retaliate for the original offense. The legislation does not allow individuals to be prosecuted for their hateful thoughts, but instead allows them to be punished for their hateful acts. Thus, willfully inflicting …show more content…
The intelligence may collect information notwithstanding that the law enforcement agency intends to use the information collected for purposes of a law enforcement investigation or counterintelligence investigation (Fritsch et al, 2015). Thus, this alters the traditional distinction between intelligence and law enforcement. So, the connection of these two government function raises questions concerning the methods of collection, targets of collection, and the use of the resulting information, corresponding with the development of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence.
7) List and discuss some of the weaknesses associated with U.S. intelligence in the aftermath of September 11, 2001.
1) There was a failure to place an emphasis on traditional human intelligence gathering and analysis and depending too much on technology tools such as spy satellites and expert system programs to gain intelligence advantages. 2) A failure to provide timely, accurate, and specific intelligence information to law enforcement agencies and U.S. policy makers. 3) Over bureaucratic and decentralized structure with the FBI that delayed counterterrorism efforts and the efficient use of intelligence