Explain How To Increase The Percentage Yield Of Ethyl Ethanoate

For the percentage yield is 39.08% which is less than and not 100%, by this, it can be concluded that the reaction is non-stoichiometric. The low yield can be explained by the following ways: The presence of reversible reaction-for the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid, it is reversible and which is only considered to be irreversible for simplicity of calculations. For reversible reaction like this, the ethanol and ethanoic acid will not be totally converted to ethyl ethanoate but until the equilibrium point, so the percentage yield is low. The presence of impure reaction-there may be some impurities in the reaction mixture, in this way, the yield will be non-stoichiometric. The volatility of product- As the product or ester is always volatile, which implies that the volume and the mass of the product obtained would
To increase the percentage yield of ethyl ethanoate can be achieved by removing water or ester during esterification.
Esterification is reversible reaction. For all reversible reactions, they have equilibrium constant, denoted by Kc. It should be the same if the reaction performed under same condition. In order to keep the Kc constant, the reaction will shift right or left. In other words, if the concentration of water or ester become low, the reaction will shift to right to produce more ester and water to keep Kc constant. From this theory, the percentage yield of ethyl ethanoate can be increased by removing the water (by dehydrating agents) or ester during the reaction. As removing water, the reaction will then shift the right to produce more water, that means also produce more ethyl ethanoate. Increase in production of ethyl ethanoate in turns increase the actual mass obtained. Since the theoretical mass will not change, percentage yield of ethyl ethanoate will also increase. Also, the simple distillation process should be repeated by few