exam 1
Bio 311D
Exam 1 2. Be able to use these terms correctly: DNA molecule, chromosome, chromatid, homologous pair. DNA molecule – A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins
Chromosome - A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins
Chromatid – The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes. When the cell is not dividing, chromatin exists in its dispersed form, as a mass of very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope (sister chromatids are identical (made from the same original DNA molecule), each is a chromatid before they have been replicated and as soon as they separate, it becomes a chromosomes)
Homologous pair – A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s father, the other from the mother. Also called homologs, or a homologous pair. 3. Write out a general life cycle with arrows linking these terms: haploid (h), diploid (2n), meiosis, fertilization. Are the products of meiosis haploid or diploid?
4. Define sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. How do they differ in comparing genetic traits between parent and offspring? At what points are mitosis and meiosis involved? Asexual Reproduction - The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (by budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts). In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
Sexual
Exam 1 2. Be able to use these terms correctly: DNA molecule, chromosome, chromatid, homologous pair. DNA molecule – A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins
Chromosome - A cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins
Chromatid – The complex of DNA and proteins that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes. When the cell is not dividing, chromatin exists in its dispersed form, as a mass of very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope (sister chromatids are identical (made from the same original DNA molecule), each is a chromatid before they have been replicated and as soon as they separate, it becomes a chromosomes)
Homologous pair – A pair of chromosomes of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. One homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism’s father, the other from the mother. Also called homologs, or a homologous pair. 3. Write out a general life cycle with arrows linking these terms: haploid (h), diploid (2n), meiosis, fertilization. Are the products of meiosis haploid or diploid?
4. Define sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. How do they differ in comparing genetic traits between parent and offspring? At what points are mitosis and meiosis involved? Asexual Reproduction - The generation of offspring from a single parent that occurs without the fusion of gametes (by budding, division of a single cell, or division of the entire organism into two or more parts). In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
Sexual