evolution cladogram
Abstract
Constructing a cladogram to determine the related species and the evolutionary history. Five mammalian species, which are dog, cat, horse, opossum, and deer, are distributed into cladogram based on morphological character and molecular data. This allows identifying the relatedness of these species. By their appearances of structures and behaviors, the dog and cat eat meet while deer and horse eat plants. This prediction leads to the hypothesis that car and dog are close whereas deer and horse are related. The characters are grouped in a table before construct the morphological cladogram to determine their relatedness. Moreover, using programs to obtain protein sequence, cladogram was constructed based on molecular data. The outcomes of these cladograms differ. The morphological characters shows that cat and dog are related, while, deer and horse are more closely than other. However, based on molecular data, dog and deer ended up with the same clade, cat derived before the dog and deer assembled, and horse derived alone. This experiment helps to be aware of the evolutionary history and how organisms related to each other. Cladogram might be useful for the conservations plans of species that at risk of extinxtion.
Introduction
Cladogram is a tree diagram that is designed to determine the relatedness and evolution of species. Two methods to produce a cladorgam one based on morphological characteristic and another based on sequence of amino acid. Based on morphological characteristic, first, taxa are chosen that are close or being interesting of their evolutionary relationships. Then, the characters are determined based on synapomorphies and the cladogram is produced based on the traits. The principle behind cladorgram, it identifies and considers only those characteristics that are new characteristics that arise over time. For instance, evolutionary history can be known through a cladogram such as the first trait appeared, in what
Constructing a cladogram to determine the related species and the evolutionary history. Five mammalian species, which are dog, cat, horse, opossum, and deer, are distributed into cladogram based on morphological character and molecular data. This allows identifying the relatedness of these species. By their appearances of structures and behaviors, the dog and cat eat meet while deer and horse eat plants. This prediction leads to the hypothesis that car and dog are close whereas deer and horse are related. The characters are grouped in a table before construct the morphological cladogram to determine their relatedness. Moreover, using programs to obtain protein sequence, cladogram was constructed based on molecular data. The outcomes of these cladograms differ. The morphological characters shows that cat and dog are related, while, deer and horse are more closely than other. However, based on molecular data, dog and deer ended up with the same clade, cat derived before the dog and deer assembled, and horse derived alone. This experiment helps to be aware of the evolutionary history and how organisms related to each other. Cladogram might be useful for the conservations plans of species that at risk of extinxtion.
Introduction
Cladogram is a tree diagram that is designed to determine the relatedness and evolution of species. Two methods to produce a cladorgam one based on morphological characteristic and another based on sequence of amino acid. Based on morphological characteristic, first, taxa are chosen that are close or being interesting of their evolutionary relationships. Then, the characters are determined based on synapomorphies and the cladogram is produced based on the traits. The principle behind cladorgram, it identifies and considers only those characteristics that are new characteristics that arise over time. For instance, evolutionary history can be known through a cladogram such as the first trait appeared, in what
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