Evaluate a Model or a Theory of One Cognitive Process (E.G. Memory, Perception, Language), with Reference to Research Studies

*Evaluate a model or a theory of one cognitive process (e.g. memory, perception, language), with reference to research studies (22)* The Multi Store Model of Memory (also known as the Atkinson and Shiffrin Model of Memory) is a simplified cognitive model of the memorial structure of the human mind. It was first proposed by Richards Atkinson and Shiffrin, in 1968. It was one of the first models of memory to show a clear and systematic approach to the store and retrieval of memory, and although now considered by many to be an oversimplification of the mind, it paved the way for more sophisticated models (e.g. the working memory model). At it's core, it has the three memory stores [1]: Sensory Memory (SM), Short Term Memory (STM), and Long Term Memory (LTM). The SM only holds information for under a second, and records all sensory information received by the mind. The STM holds up to 7, ±2 items of information at a time (for instance, a telephone number) and can hold it for up to approximately 18 seconds. The LTM can hold near unlimited amounts of information, for a near unlimited duration. Information enters the STM initially from the SM, as a result of any attention being paid to it. The information resides in the STM for up to approximately 18 seconds, until it is either forgotten or (through rehearsal of the memory) it is transferred to the LTM. All recall occurs from the STM, and therefore any memories recalled from the LTM must first 'pass through' the STM. The model has it's strengths: it can account for the Serial Position Effect (Murdock, 1962) - participants were asked to remember a series of words, from 10 - 30 in length. They were flashed up on a screen for 1-2 seconds each, while the participants were asked to try and remember as many as they could. After all the words were shown, the participants were asked which words they could remember: the trend was towards them remembering the first few words (the Primacy Effect), and

the last few (the Regency