Essay On Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Paul Ross PAS-3
Professor Irving
PAS 665
Emphysema - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition characterized by airflow limitation currently affecting more than 5% of the population and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the US COPD is ranked 3rd in cause of death responsible for killing more than 120,000 individuals per year. The National Health Interview Survey reports the prevalence of emphysema at 18 cases per 1000 persons and chronic bronchitis at 34 cases per 1000 persons. In the past males COPD was more prevalent than females but with an increase in women smoking there is less of a gap between sexes.
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) a project involving the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the World Health Organization (WHO) developed an accepted definition for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a common, preventable, and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases (GOLD). Chronic airflow limitations characterizing COPD are a result of a mixture of small airways disease (obstructive …show more content…
Chronic inflammation within the airways result in increased numbers of goblet cells, mucus gland hyperplasia, fibrosis, narrowing and reduction in the number of small airways. Emphysema structural changes include abnormal and permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles that is accompanied by destruction of the airspace walls. Pulmonary vasculature damage includes intimal hyperplasia and smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia due to chronic hypoxic vasoconstriction of the small pulmonary
Professor Irving
PAS 665
Emphysema - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory condition characterized by airflow limitation currently affecting more than 5% of the population and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In the US COPD is ranked 3rd in cause of death responsible for killing more than 120,000 individuals per year. The National Health Interview Survey reports the prevalence of emphysema at 18 cases per 1000 persons and chronic bronchitis at 34 cases per 1000 persons. In the past males COPD was more prevalent than females but with an increase in women smoking there is less of a gap between sexes.
The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) a project involving the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and the World Health Organization (WHO) developed an accepted definition for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is a common, preventable, and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases (GOLD). Chronic airflow limitations characterizing COPD are a result of a mixture of small airways disease (obstructive …show more content…
Chronic inflammation within the airways result in increased numbers of goblet cells, mucus gland hyperplasia, fibrosis, narrowing and reduction in the number of small airways. Emphysema structural changes include abnormal and permanent enlargement of the airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles that is accompanied by destruction of the airspace walls. Pulmonary vasculature damage includes intimal hyperplasia and smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia due to chronic hypoxic vasoconstriction of the small pulmonary