Equine Test Notes

THINGS TO STUDY FOR THE TEST ON 1/11/13

Jobs in the equine industry can include stable management & stall cleaning, sales & marketing, and breeding & training.
A horse that understands he has learned something new will usually lick and chew.
The purpose of longing while training is to allow the horse to get bursts of energy out before riding, to teach verbal commands to the horse before teaching to ride, and to develop the horses respect for the handler.
The earliest age of starting a young horse to ride is 2 years.
Reinforcing is used to strengthen the response of the horse to a certain stimuli when teaching something new.
An asset is what the business owns.
A liability is what the business owes.
Sharp edges on horse’s teeth need to be floated.
Most nutrient absorption occurs in the small intestine.
The purpose of the esophagus is to transport food from the mouth to the stomach.
Digestion is the proper term for breakdown.
The small intestine can hold about 48 quarts and is about 70 feet long.
The three sections of the large intestine are the cecum, colon, and rectum.
Bacteria is present in the cecum to break down roughages.
Fecal balls are formed in the colon.
The functions of the digestive system are digestion, absorption, and elimination.
A non-ruminant herbivore is an animal that has a simple stomach and is a plant eater.
Bile is secreted by the Liver.
The lining of the small intestine is lined with villi and microvilli, to add surface area for more absorption.
The intestine that is missing in the digestive tract of the horse that regulates bile is the gall bladder.
Mares have 36 teeth and stallions have 40 teeth.
Horses should be fed by weight not volume.
Examples of roughages are hay, pasture, and forage.
Grain is an example of a concentrate.
Colic can be greatly reduced by making sure to feed adequate amount of roughages.
In general, 1 pound of hay should be fed for every 100 pounds of horse.
A horse that eats moldy hay is likely to colic.
The nutrients required by horses are water, carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, fats, and vitamins.
A stalled mature horse should be fed grain at least twice per day and 1.5-2.0% of body weight in hay.
The amount horses are fed should be based on age, use, and size.
Oats are typically the grain of choice to feed to horses.
Corn is good for improving the condition of thin horses.
Corn needs to be fed carefully because it is known for its high energy content.
Molasses is added to grains to help reduce dust and increase palatability.
Half of the horse’s diet should consist of hay.
Horses need 10 gallons of water per day.
The classification that does not require an increase in nutritional requirements to maintain weight is maintenance.
In the statement “this is a 12% sweet feed”, 12% is referring to the amount of protein in the feed mixture.
Timothy is not considered a legume hay.
2-5 pasture acres are required by a maintenance horse to survive.
Fescue hay should not be fed to pregnant mares.
A horse’s water intake will increase 2 times in hot weather.
The main reason for a horse’s inability to vomit is the cardiac sphincter.
A ruptured stomach is common in foals at weaning time because they stop eating from the stress of weaning then try to eat large amounts.
An impaction is a form of colic that is caused by the intestinal tract being blocked by food or potentially sand.
The main sources of energy in a horse’s diet are carbohydrates and fats.
Vitamin D is converted from the ultraviolet rays of the sun.
Two trace minerals that are often deficient in Ohio are potassium and selenium.
Founder is caused by the horse eating too much grain, cold water after exercise or grazing on rich grass pastures.
When changing the feed given to horses, it is best to slowly change from the feed by gradually adding in the new feed and decreasing the old feed.