Preview

entreprenuership

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
9403 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
entreprenuership
1
FINANCE AND DEVELOPMENT
RESEARCH PROGRAMME
WORKING PAPER SERIES
Paper No 15
THE POLICY
ENVIRONMENT FOR
PROMOTING SMALL
AND MEDIUM-SIZED
ENTERPRISES IN
GHANA AND MALAWI
Dalitso Kayanula and
Peter Quartey
IDPM, University of Manchester
May 2000
ISBN:
Series Editor:
Further details:
Published by:
1 902518675
Colin Kirkpatrick
Maggie Curran, Marketing and Publicity Administrator
Institute for Development Policy and Management, University of Manchester,
Crawford House, Precinct Centre, Oxford Road, MANCHESTER M13 9GH
Tel: +44-161 275 2804/2800 Fax: +44-161 273 8829
Email: idpm@man.ac.uk Web: http://www.man.ac.uk/idpm/
2
I. TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Table of Contents ii
II. Abstract iii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
2.0 THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SMES IN GHANA & MALAWI
2.1.1 Definitions & Concepts 3
2.1.2 The Role & Characteristics of SMEs 8
2.1.3 Constraints to SME Development 9
3.0 POLICIES FOR PROMOTING SMEs IN GHANA & MALAWI 12
4.0 SUMMARY & RECOMMENDATIONS 16
5.0 REFERENCES 19
6.0 APPENDIX 23
3
II. Abstract
The dynamic role of small and medium scale enterprises(SMEs) in developing countries have been highly emphasised. These enterprises have been identified as the means through which the rapid industrialisation and other developmental goals of these countries can be realised. This paper explores the achievements of the Small and Medium Scale Enterprise (SME) sector in Ghana and Malawi and the role government, internal and external support institutions have played in promoting the sector. The findings will assist policy makers, development agencies and business organisations to ascertain the appropriate strategy to improve the SME sector.
4
THE POLICY ENVIRONMENT FOR PROMOTING SMALL AND MEDIUMSIZED
ENTERPRISES IN GHANA & MALAWI
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The dynamic role of small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in developing countries as engines through which the growth objectives of developing countries can be achieved has long been



References: Anheier H.K and Seibel H.D (1987), `Small Scale Industries and Economic Development in Ghana’, Business Behaviour and Strategies in Informal Sector Aryeetey E, Baah-Nuakoh A, Duggleby T, Hettige H & Steel W.F (1994), `Supply and Demand for Finance of Small Scale Enterprises in Ghana’, World Bank --------(1994), `Financial Integration and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Study of Informal Finance in Ghana’ ODI Working Paper No -------(1996), `The Formal Financial Sector in Ghana After The Reforms’, ODI Working Paper No Aryeetey E, Hettige H, Nissanke M & Steel W (1997), `Financial Market Fragmentation and Reforms in Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, & Tanzania’, The Baydas M.M, Meyer R L & Aguilera-Alfred N(1993), `Information Problems in Lending to Small-Scale Enterprises - Evidence from Ecuador’, Small Enterprise Development, Vol.4 No.2 Bolton J.E (1971), Report of The Committee of Inquiry on Small Firms, HMSO, Daniels, L and Ngwira A.(1993), `Results of a Nation-wide Survey on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Malawi’, GEMINI Technical Report No 53 ------& Fisseha (1992), `Micro and Small Scale Enterprises in Botswana: Results of a Nation-wide Survey’, Gemini Technical Report No Dawson J (1990), `The Wider Context: The Importance of The Macroenvironment for Small Enterprise Development’, Small Enterprise Development, Vol 1 No --------- (1992), `The Relevance of The Flexible Specialisation Paradigm for Small Scale Industrial Restructuring in Ghana’, IDS Bulletin Vol Dordunoo C.K (1994), `The Foreign Exchange Market and The Dutch Auction System in Ghana’, AERC Research Paper No Elaian K (1996), `Employment Implications of Small Scale Industries in Developing Countries: Evidence from Jordan’, Science, Technology & Development 24 Fisseha Y (1991), `Small Scale Enterprises in Lesotho: Summary of a Country-wide ---------- and McPherson (1991), `A Country-wide Study of Small Scale Enterprises in Swaziland’, Gemini Technical Report No Hannig, W (1997), Skills, Jobs and Income: The GTZ Business and Employment Promotion in Malawi, GTZ Lilongwe. Hyman E.L & Dearden K (1998), `Comprehensive Impact Assessment Systems for NGO Micro-enterprise Development Programmes’, World Development, Vol.26 No.2 Karagozola N & Lindell M (1998), `Internationalisation of Small and Medium-Sized Karwowska M.A & Mrozinska E (1993), `Policy Support for SMEs in Poland’, International Small Business Journal, Vol Keeble D, Bryson J & Wood P (1992), `The Rise and The Role of Small Service Firms in The United Kingdom’, International Business Journal Vol Knight M (1998), `Developing Countries and The Global Financial Markets’, World Development, Vol Levy B (1993), `Obstacles to Developing Indigenous Small and Medium Enterprises: An Empirical Assessment’, The World Bank Economic Review, Vol Liedholm C and Mead D (1987), `Small Scale Industries in Developing Countries: Empirical Evidence and Policy Implications’, International Development Malawi government (1988) `Statement of Development Policies’, Lilongwe Malawi Industrial Research and Technology Development Centre (MIRTDC), 1996, Mead D.C (1984), `Of Contracts and Subcontracts: Small Firms in Vertical Disintegrated Production/Distribution Systems in LDCs’, World Development, --------- & Liedholm (1998) `The Dynamics of Micro and Small Enterprises in Developing Countries’, World Development Vol 25 Mead D.C & Liedholm (1998) `The Dynamics of Micro and Small Enterprises in Developing Countries’, World Development Vol. 26 No. 1 Miller H.G & Levin D(1993), `Microenterprise Development: An Analysis of Mosley P & Hulme D (1998), `Microenterprise Finance: Is There a Conflict Between Growth and Poverty Alleviation?’, World Development Vol Nadvi K (1998), `International Competitiveness and Small Firm Clusters- Evidence from Pakistan’, Small Enterprise Development Vol 9 No Opoku-Afriyie K.J (1997), `Promoting Enterprises in The Wood Products Subsector in Ghana’, Small Enterprise Development, Vol Osei B, Baah-Nuakoh A, Tutu K.A, & Sowa N.K (1993), `Impact of Structural Adjustment on Small-Scale Enterprises in Ghana’, in Helmsing A.H.J and Parker R.L, Riopelle R, Steel W.F (1995), `Small Enterprises Adjusting to Liberalisation in Five African Countries’, World Bank Discussion Paper No. Ray D.N (1991), `Venture Capital and Entrepreneurial Development in Singapore’, International Small Business Journal, Vol Schmitz Hubert (1989), `Flexible Specialisation - A New Paradigm of Small- Scale Industrialisation?’ IDS Discussion Paper 261 ----------(1991) `Small Shoemakers and Fordist Giants: Tale of a Supercluster’, IDS Discussion Paper No ----------(1998), `Fostering Collective Efficiency’, Small Enterprise Development Vol

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Hsa 505 Assignment 3

    • 2334 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Berry, L.L., and Parasuraman, A 1991, Marketing Services: Competing Through Quality, Free Press, New York…

    • 2334 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Mgt3610 Baruch Outline

    • 2698 Words
    • 11 Pages

    • Syllabus Overview/Introduction/Administrivia;• The Role of Services in the Economy• The Nature of Services• Service Strategy…

    • 2698 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bibliography: OOKSDevrye, C 2000, Good Service is Good Business, 2nd Edition, Peardon Education, Frenchs Forest, NSW.…

    • 1662 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bibliography: Baron, S (2009). Services Marketing: Text and Cases. 3rd ed. Bassingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p.8, 14, 27, 67-84.…

    • 1856 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    20142321 SIYIWANG TACC403

    • 2051 Words
    • 7 Pages

    2. Edwards, S. W. (April, 1979). Differing Perceptions of Small Business Problems. American Journal of Small Business. 3 (3), 1-14.…

    • 2051 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Q1. Experts say that entrepreneurs who need between $100,000 and 3 million often face the greatest obstacles when raising capital for their businesses. Why?…

    • 1578 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Tesco Customer Service

    • 11115 Words
    • 45 Pages

    Clark, M and Baker, S, Business Success through Service Excellence, Elsevier Butterworth – Heinmann, Oxford, http:/books elsevier.com…

    • 11115 Words
    • 45 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Entrence

    • 4464 Words
    • 18 Pages

    I have taught this course since late in the last century. Today, as we approach a second global recession, helping people learn how to grow firms as astutely as possible will play a role in speeding the beginning of a new recovery. When companies like Cisco and HP abandon major market segments, it is even more important to think critically about how to grow a firm’s products. Given the chaotic period that we are entering, I have made several significant changes to this course.…

    • 4464 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Jones, P. and M. Hall (1996) ―Productivity and the new service paradigm, or servicity and the…

    • 4434 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The service industry is one of the most important income-generating sectors in small states. In the last few decades, some small states have been important service centers in banking, finance and trade services. Among these, Singapore and Hong Kong are examples. In the Mediterranean Sea, two examples are Cyprus and Malta. Bermuda, Bahrain and Jersey are other states that have been studied by Bowe, Briguglio, and Dean (1998). The complex nature of services (Angur, Nataraajan, & Jahera, 1999; Arasli, 2002) results from their common characteristics, which are intangibility, perishability, high customer involvement, simultaneous production and consumption and…

    • 5732 Words
    • 23 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Intrepreneurship

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages

    3/18/2013 BBUS 3710 Intrapreunership Instructor Bashir Ahmed, CFA Definition • An intrapreneur is someone who has an entrepreneurial streak in his or her DNA, but chooses to align his or her talents with a large organization in place of creating his or her own, or corporate enterpreuners • Introduction of New Products Outside of the Traditional R&D Process Creation of New Strategic Partners: Example: – P&G acquiring Gillette • – Delrina Technology, a Toronto-based software products firm, was a vendor to IBM. It needed capital for expansion, but banks were reluctant to lend the company any money because of the intangible nature of its software. IBM already had a marketing partnership, it wanted Delrina to continue to innovate.…

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    entreprenuer

    • 292 Words
    • 2 Pages

    As an entrepreneur, the biggest challenge you face right out of the gate is raising money for the first time. It’s not easy to get investors to put their money and their faith in you. Sometimes, an angel investor is generally not investing in the business or the idea. They are investing in you. Convince them that you are the right person to do the job, and gain their trust is the most important thing.…

    • 292 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND A worldwide consensus on the critical role of competitive markets and entrepreneurs in economic development has emerged in the last decade. In developing countries, the primary barrier to economic growth is often not so much a scarcity of capital, labour or land as it is a scarcity of both the dynamic entrepreneurs that can bring these together and the markets and mechanisms that can facilitate them in this task. Concept Entrepreneurship can be defined as the process of using private initiative to transform a business concept into a new venture or to grow and diversify an existing venture or enterprise with high growth potential. Entrepreneurs identify an innovation to seize an opportunity, mobilize money and management skills, and take calculated risks to open markets for new products, processes and services.…

    • 660 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Entreprenuer

    • 2064 Words
    • 9 Pages

    There are three characteristics which distinguish the entrepreneurial venture from the small business, innovation, potential for growth and strategic objectives, explain why the Entrepreneurial venture is distinct from the small business?…

    • 2064 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    2. Carmen, J.M and Langeard, E. (1980).Growth Strategies of Service Firms, Strategic Management Journal, January-march, p7-22.…

    • 315 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays