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Energy source
World & India Energy Balance

L4 & L5

EN 402

1

Outline of Talk
Energy Flow Diagram/ Energy Units
World Energy Consumption
World Energy Resources
India Energy Balance

2

ENERGY FLOW DIAGRAM
PRIMARY ENERGY

ENERGY CONVERSION FACILITY

SECONDARY ENERGY

TRANSMISSION & DISTRN. SYSTEM
FINAL ENERGY

ENERGY UTILISATION EQUIPMENT & SYSTEMS
USEFUL ENERGY
END USE ACTIVITIES
(ENERGY SERVICES)

COAL, OIL, SOLAR, GAS
POWER PLANT,
REFINERIES
REFINED OIL,
ELECTRICITY
RAILWAYS, TRUCKS,
PIPELINES
WHAT CONSUMERS BUY
DELIVERED ENERGY
AUTOMOBILE, LAMP,
MOTOR, STOVE
MOTIVE POWER
RADIANT ENERGY
DISTANCE TRAVELLED,
ILLUMINATION,COOKED
FOOD etc..
3

Units
Physical Quantities –Coal, Oil (Tonnes)
Oil- Barrels
Natural Gas- m3 often expressed as Nm3 ,sm3
Electricity kWh , MUs (Million units)
Gross Calorific Value(GCV/HHV), Net Calorific
Value (NCV/LHV) – based on fuel composition Coal Equivalent/ Oil Equivalent – In terms of energy equivalents of Coal or oil
4

World Primary Energy Consumption
Large Hydro
2%

1998

Renew ables
2%
Nuclear
6%

Trad Biomass
9%

2002 Total

Coal
24%

Total 402 EJ
Oil
36%

1 EJ = 1018 J

Natural Gas
21%

434 EJ
(www.eia.
doe.gov)
Source : World Energy Assessment, UNDP
5

World 4Primary Energy Production Trend
20

World Energy Production (EJ)

400

380

360

340

320

300

280
1980

1985

1990

1995

2000

Year

Source:US DOE Energy Information Data
6

World Energy Consumption
Fossil Fuels 320 EJ -79.6% of World Primary Energy
Consumption (2002 EIA 372 EJ 85.7%)
Fossil fuels depletion – oil-gas-coal
World Population 1998 5.9 Billion
World primary energy cons 68 GJ/capita/year
1.6 tonnes of oil equivalent/capita
Nuclear accounts for 6% of total
Primary energy consumption growing at 2% per year

7

World Fossil Fuel Reserves
Fuel

Coal
Oil

Reserves
(EJ)
20,700
6000/11000

R/P
1998
supply Years
(EJ)
93
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