Preview

Empowering Women

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
79955 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Empowering Women
73071

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

A F R I C A D E V E L O P M E N T F O RU M

Empowering Women
Legal Rights and
Opportunities in Africa

blic Disclosure Authorized

Mary Hallward-Driemeier and Tazeen Hasan

Empowering
Women

Empowering
Women
Legal Rights and
Economic Opportunities in Africa
Mary Hallward-Driemeier and Tazeen Hasan

A copublication of the Agence Française de Développement and the World Bank

© 2013 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank
1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433
Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org
Some rights reserved
1 2 3 4 15 14 13 12
This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World
Bank and the Agence Française de Développement do not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank and the Agence Française de Développement therefore do not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you.
The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent, or the
Agence Française de Développement. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.
Nothing herein shall constitute or be considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.
Rights and Permissions

This work is



References: Ashenafi, Meaza, and Zenebeworke Tadesse. 2005. “Women, HIV/AIDS, Property and Inheritance Rights: The Case of Ethiopia.” UNDP New York: UNDP. Baraza, Nancy. 2009. “Family Law Reforms in Kenya: An Overview.” Paper presented at the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s Gender Forum, Nairobi, April 30. Cotula, Lorenzo. 2006. Gender and Law, Women’s Rights in Agriculture. FAO Legislative Study 76 Rev Ebi, Joseph Nzalie. 2008. “The Structure of Succession Law in Cameroon: Finding a Balance between the Needs and Interests of Different Family Members.” Ph.D Ellis, Amanda, Claire Manuel, and Mark Blackden. 2005. Gender and Economic Growth In Uganda: Unleashing the Power of Women Ellis, Amanda, Mark Blackden, Jozefina Cutura, Fiona MacCulloch, and Holger Seebens. 2007. Gender and Economic Growth in Tanzania. World Bank FIAS-GEM Series, Washington, DC. Fenrich, Jeanmarie, and Tracy E. Higgins. 2002. “Promise Unfulfilled: Law, Culture, and Women’s Inheritance Rights in Ghana.” Fordham International Law Journal 25: Fenrich, Jeanmarie, Tracy E. Higgins, and Ziona Tanzer. 2007. “Gender Equality and Customary Marriage: Bargaining in the Shadow of Post-Apartheid Pluralism.” Fordham International Law Journal 30: 1653–708. Government of Zimbabwe. 2009. Zimbabwe CEDAW Report . Harare. Griffiths, Anne. 1983. “Legal Duality: Conflict or Concord in Botswana?” Journal of African Law 27 (2): 150–61. Hirschl, Ran, and Ayelet Shachar. 2009. “The New Wall of Separation: Permitting Diversity, Restricting Competition.” Cardozo Law Review 30: 2535–59. IFHR (International Federation of Human Rights). 2008. Nigeria NGO Coalition Shadow Report to the CEDAW Committee IRIN. 2010a. “Swaziland: Some Women Can Now Own Property.” February 25. http://www .irinnews.org/Report/88230/SWAZILAND-Some-women-can-now-own-property. ———. 2010b. “Women’s Rights Take One Step Forward, Two Steps Back.” June 16. Killander, Magnus, ed. 2010. International Law and Domestic Human Rights Litigation in Africa Kuenyehia, Akua. 2008. “Women, Marriage and Intestate Succession in the Context of Legal Pluralism in Africa.” JENda: A Journal of Cultural and African Women’s Studies. Lambert, Priscilla, and Druscilla Scribner. 2008. “Gender Matters: A Case Study Analysis of Constitutional Provisions.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs of Uganda. 2008. Final Report on the Integrated Study on Land and Justice. Kampala. Mwambene, Lea. 2005. “Divorce in Matrilineal Customary Law Marriage in Malawi: A Comparative Analysis with the Patrilineal Customary Law Marriage in South Ndulo, Muna. 2011. “African Customary Law, Customs, and Women’s Rights.” Cornell Law Faculty Publications 187, Ithaca, NY. http://scholarship.law.cornell.edu/ facpub/187. Ngwafor, Ephraim. 1991. “Cameroon: Property Rights for Women: A Bold Step in the Wrong Direction.” Journal of Family Law 29 (2): 297–302. Nwabueze, Remigius N. 2010. “Securing Widows’ Sepulchral Rights Through the Nigerian Constitution.” Harvard Human Rights Journal 23: 141–55. Osman-Hyder, Munirah. 2011. “The Impact and Consequences of Hassam and Jacobs on Polygamous Marriages.” Stellenbosch Law Review 22 (2): 233–46. Partners for Gender Justice. 2008. The Role of the Judiciary in Promoting Gender Justice in Africa Peter, Chris Maina, and Helen Kijo-Bisimba. 2007. Justice in Tanzania: Quarter of a Century of the Court of Appeal Quansah, E. K. 2004. “Recent Developments: Determining Matrimonial Residence of Non-Domiciled Spouses: The Applicable Law in Botswana.” Journal of African Law ———. 2009. “Some Contemporary Challenges Facing Family Law in Botswana.” University of Botswana Law Journal 9 (June): 25–48 Odinkalu, Chidi A Rwebangira, Magdelena K. 1996. The Legal Status of Women and Poverty in Tanzania. Stamp, Patricia. 1991. “Burying Otieno: The Politics of Gender and Ethnicity in Kenya.” Signs 16 (4): 808–45. UN-Habitat. 2005. Land Tenure and Housing Review Zambia. Nairobi. WACOL (Women’s Aid Collective). 2008. CEDAW and Accountability to Gender Equality in Nigeria Shadow Report Women and Law Southern Africa. 2009. Malawi CEDAW Shadow Report. December, Limbe. Women in Law and Development Africa–Nigeria. 2002 Advocacy for Better Implementation of Women’s Rights in Africa. July, Lagos.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Powerful Essays

    Cited: Danaher, Kevin. 50 Years Is Enough: The Case against the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. Boston, MA: South End, 1994. Print.…

    • 1524 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Igbo Gender Roles

    • 508 Words
    • 3 Pages

    With colonizing forces pushing through, the Igbo population is at a watershed moment in their history and culture. The fast occurring changes are affecting religion, family structure, trade and especially gender roles. As society began changing women who once were confined to their homes and had…

    • 508 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    According to the World Bank, its mission is helping countries develop and reach the goals of its people by working with its partners to alleviate poverty. According to them they focus on six themes of strategy to support this mission of providing Technical/financial and various other assistances to those in need where its impact will be the greatest and promote further growth and development. The themes identified where post-conflict and fragile states, global public goods, middle-income countries, focusing efforts on the poorest countries, knowledge and learning and the Arab world. (World Bank, 2011) The key to successful economic development is to implement strategies that include "a market economy, a high saving rate, and investment in infrastructure and in human capital". (Rittenberg, & Tregarthen, 2009)…

    • 536 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    According to Lindsey (2010), Patriarchy is perceived as the perpetuator of female subjugation and disadvantage within all societies (Institute of Economic Affairs, 2008). Globally, all social structures are male-dominated and uphold androcentric norms which favour men over women and define women’s oppression as being confined to unalterable biological determinants (Parpart, et al, 2008; Kishanger, 2007:3). This androcentric culture is particularly evident in the African history (Parpat et al, 2000). Women themselves deeply internalise and adhere to these norms and perceive themselves as being unsuitable for non-domestic roles. This explains the cross cultural perception that girls only end up in marriage and therefore any investments on them accrue to the benefits of their marital families upon marriage (Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA), 2008). Thus the historical and global evidence of…

    • 613 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Igbo Women

    • 1126 Words
    • 5 Pages

    When learning about a society on a larger scale, it is important to take a step back and look at the history and the personal stories to better understand how the hardships experienced led the community to where they are today. From the early 1900s to the late 1900s, women residing in Nigerian societies struggled with female empowerment because men were deemed as superior. Although equality was not always implemented, Nigeria introduced the principle of equality in the Declaration of Independence. It is stated that “every citizen shall have equality of rights, obligations and opportunities before the law” (Nwaubani). Even though this is an official document, these words did not change how society viewed women. Often, if women had financial…

    • 1126 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Durojaye, Ebenzer. “Human Rights: Poverty and Human Rights in Africa.” Africa News. (May 2012). JSTOR. 31 Jul. 2012…

    • 1669 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Ana Margarida Fernandes (corresponding author). The World Bank. Development Research Group. 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC, 20433, U.S.A. Email: afernandes@worldbank.org. b Caroline Paunov. OECD. Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry. 2, rue André Pascal, 75 775 Paris Cedex 16, France. Email: caroline.paunov@oecd.org and caroline.paunov@gmail.com. This paper is a modified version of the World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4730. The authors would like to thank Eric Verhoogen (the co-editor) and two anonymous referees as well as Richard Disney, Ana Paula Fernandes, Jonathan Haskel, Beata Javorcik, Raimundo Soto, Peter-Paul Walsh, and seminar participants at Indiana University, the Chilean Central Bank, the University of Chile, Queen Mary University of London, the 6th International Industrial Organization Conference, the OECD Development Centre, the 2008 Empirical Investigations in International Economics Conference in Slovenia, the 2008 North American Summer Meetings of the…

    • 17266 Words
    • 70 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    High Frequency Trading

    • 17892 Words
    • 72 Pages

    © Bank for International Settlements 2011. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is cited.…

    • 17892 Words
    • 72 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cited: Bunch, Charlotte, and Samantha Frost. "Women 's Human Rights: An Introduction." Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women: Global Women 's Issues and Knowledge. Routledge, 2000. Routledge International Encyclopedia of Women. Web. 29 Feb. 2012.…

    • 1865 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    (19) Decision taken by the Board of Directors of the World Bank on 25 February 1993 (see Press Release No 93/S43 of the World Bank, February 26, 1993)…

    • 10302 Words
    • 42 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bank for International Settlements 2013. All rights reserved. Brief excerpts may be reproduced or translated provided the source is stated.…

    • 8776 Words
    • 36 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    World Economic Forum 91-93 route de la Capite CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva Tel.: +41 (0)22 869 1212 Fax: +41 (0)22 786 2744 E-mail: contact@weforum.org www.weforum.org @ 2007 World Economic Forum All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproducted or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system.…

    • 23269 Words
    • 94 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Proceedings of the World Bank Annual Conference on Development Economics 1989 (Washington, DC, 1989, pp…

    • 19345 Words
    • 78 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Sme Market Orientation

    • 10982 Words
    • 44 Pages

    Copyright © 2000 The World Bank and International Finance Corporation 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing April 2000 The International Finance Corporation (IFC), an affiliate to the World Bank, promotes the economic development of its member countries through investment in the private sector. It is the world 's largest multilateral organization providing financial assistance directly in the form of loan and equity to private enterprises in developing countries. To present the results of research with the least possible delay, the typescript of this paper has not been prepared in accordance with the procedures appropriate to formal printed texts, and the IFC and the World Bank accept no responsibility for errors. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the IFC or the World Bank or to members of their Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Some sources cited in this paper may be informal documents that are not readily available. The material in this publication is copyrighted. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. Permission to photocopy items for internal or personal use, for the internal or personal use of specific clients, or for educational classroom use is granted by the World Bank, provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to…

    • 10982 Words
    • 44 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The World Bank is criticized for contracting foreign, mostly Western corporations, for a developing project that it launches in developing countries. These corporations then profit from the project, the developing country encounters a loss of income since a major part of it is transferred abroad.…

    • 1073 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics