Eating on the stipes of the plant can destroy a kelp bed. In that regard, the overfishing of apex vertebrate predators such as sea otters (voracious eaters) have repeatedly led to the increase of their prey populations of herbivore grazers such as sea urchin populations leading to higher rate of the deforestation of kelp forests. Human activities have significantly impacted the kelp forests in some regions through hunting marine mammals (in particular sea otters), as well as through pollution. The dumping of sludge, silt or sewage near kelp forests has been reported to cover and destroy the giant kelp especially the microscopic stage of the
Eating on the stipes of the plant can destroy a kelp bed. In that regard, the overfishing of apex vertebrate predators such as sea otters (voracious eaters) have repeatedly led to the increase of their prey populations of herbivore grazers such as sea urchin populations leading to higher rate of the deforestation of kelp forests. Human activities have significantly impacted the kelp forests in some regions through hunting marine mammals (in particular sea otters), as well as through pollution. The dumping of sludge, silt or sewage near kelp forests has been reported to cover and destroy the giant kelp especially the microscopic stage of the