Dual Federalism And Marble Cake

After reading the commentary on “Dual Federalism” by James Bryce and “The ‘Marble Cake’ Theory of Federalism” by Morton Grodzins. In which it discusses Bryce’s concerns about the national government. Mr. Bryce is a professor of history at Oxford, a member of Parliament, and a British scholar who visited the United States around the 1880’s. James Bryce gives his compact description of dual federalism and later between the dates of (1907-1913) he makes his appearance by returning back to the United States as the British Ambassador. While in the commentary Morton Grodzins disagrees with the commonly held view that in the 19th century we had "dual federalism" (substantial separateness) and thus relates it to his widely known “layer and marbled cake” metaphor. I will briefly go over Mr. Bryce’s view of
The “layered cake” was to essentially illustrate dual federalism. Also referred to as “the exercise of concurrent power.” Dual federalism represented a layered cake because it works on the principle that the federal and state governments are divided into their own domain, and always had tension in federal-state relations. As to the “marble cake” metaphor proposes that the national and state governments are highly interwoven and interdependent. In compliance to this view, the national government and state governments are not rivals, but rather on a dissimilar level of government pursuing the same goals. For example, state and national governments are eager in enhancing education, preserving the environment, boost economic growth, and decreasing crime.
Thus, you can see the differences between James Bryce and Morton Grodzins feelings and views about Dual Federalism. Bryce could not have endorsed, or even imagined, ambition without lim¬its or freedom without responsibility. While Morton points to current and still strong decentralizing forces in our