Devaney, B. (1992). Very Low Birth Weight Among Medicaid Newborns in Five States: The Effects of…
Infant Mortality was studied from 2003 - 2009, to determine whether the Telemedicine program decreased VLBW (very low birth weight) deliveries in hospitals without NICUs, impacted morbidity and mortality in these infants and decreased statewide infant mortality.…
The babies are given scores of 1 to 2 on five factors (for example, heart rate, colour), with 10 being the top (healthiest) total score. Most babies have scores between 7 and 9 a minute after birth, and 8 to 10 after five minutes. Babies with scores of 0 to 3 are in distress. (Ritzer: 274-275) Overall, the healthcare system has allowed itself to be McDonaldized and mothers-to-be have helped to keep McDonaldization with childbirth. By adopting procedural ideas from corporations, healthcare has become efficient, predictable, and controllable, but at a cost of increased risks, which have lead to inefficiencies, unpredictability, and uncontrollability within medicine. Mothers-to-be have helped to keep it by voluntarily opting for medical interventions, mainly caesarean sections, during childbirth, which has created a social phenomenon called too-posh-to-push. If every woman would opt to labour and delivery their child without medical interventions, the risks of complications would decrease dramatically and babies would be born…
Fink ACSW, B., Biery , L., & Summerfield PhD, W. (2007). Maternal and Infant Health Program. Retrieved May 2, 2007, from http://www.michigan.gov/documents/MATERNAL-INFANT_HEALTH_PROGRAM_Final_125181_7.pdf…
The Child Nutrition Act of 1966 has since formed and developed many programs beneath it to aid those in poverty. The five top producing programs under the Child Nutrition Act in fiscal year 2010 include the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), the National School Lunch Program, and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), the Child and Adult Care Food Program, and the School Breakfast Program. WIC serves 45-50 % of all infants born in the United States (Facing Hunger in America, 2011, para. 3). According to Kowaleski-Jones & Duncan (2002), much of the research on the effects of WIC participation on children has focused on the potential benefits of increased use of prenatal care, increased Medicaid savings, better infant outcomes, and less infant mortality. In addition to the previously stated, WIC’s effectiveness can be supported by the perception of “WIC Works,” (Kowaleski-Jones, & Duncan, 2002). The observation that “WIC works,” is driven by the great deal of research for WIC partakers to birth healthier offspring (Kowaleski-Jones, & Duncan, 2002). For example, each dollar spent on WIC saved the state at least $1.77 to $3.13 in health care costs (Bitler, & Currie, 2004).…
Have you ever thought about how difficult it is for a baby to be born without low birth weight, prematurity, or birth defects? After visiting the March of Dimes website I learned that over 460,000 newborns in the United States alone are born prematurely. I am a parent of a premature infant and I know firsthand how hard it is to get find answers and get assistance for a disabled child. I gave birth to my son at only 23 weeks of gestation. He was severely underdeveloped and required many surgeries. With the assistance of supportive organizations and medical research, the lifesaving surgeries were performed immediately. Afterwards I researched to find out just what organizations helped to fund the research needed for the surgery my child had undergone. I found that the March of Dimes, Mother’s March and WalkAmerica were just three of the well-known organizations in the United States, and around the world, that funded such research. Each of these organizations main focus is putting an end to prematurity and each work to make their name known through their individual websites.…
Also we are interested in investigating whether the effect of race on mean birth weight differs depending on mother’s age, obesity status or education level. Ultimately we are interested in determining which factors are associated with difference in mean birth weight between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White…
Preterm and low birth weight infants possess greater risk not only for the infants, but also for the families and the society as well. The impact of very low-birth-weight infants on the family is long lasting. Preterm infants born at less than 34 weeks are at high risk for poor outcomes, including chronic health conditions, long-term disability, and death. The loss of a baby can be a devastating experience for a family. Many preterm and low birth weight infants that survive the perinatal period are vulnerable to a host of childhood morbidities such as cerebral palsy, chronic lung disease, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Adolescents born prior to 35 weeks of completed gestation have been shown to have a higher degree of abnormal brain development and cognitive and behavioral problems than adolescents born full-term. These poorer birth outcomes have also been associated with serious health conditions in adulthood, such as cardiovascular disease, Type II diabetes, and hypertension. The financial costs associated with treating preterm labor and delivery is quite…
Low birth weight and preterm infants in ethnic groups are attributed to “unequal distribution of economic and social resources across the diverse set of racial and ethnic groups. Many of the resources and programs available for prenatal care and infant health are too broad and comprehensive that they are not able to meet the unique needs of each specific racial and ethnic group. In addition, factors such as “sociodemographic characteristics, health care access, maternal health status, and health behaviors” influence birth weight disparities among these groups (Sparks, 2009, p. 769).…
My name is Kimberly feusi and I interviewd two women who gave birth in different decades, one woman in 1983 and the second women in 2006, both women gave birth in the United States, Sacramento. I’m researching prenatal care, and birthing experiences, to see how times have changed and to see if some things have stayed the same. I interviewd Vickie first she gave birth on the 5th of October 1983 and her experience was different from Ann Marie who gave birth on the 5th of January 2006. Vickie was sixteen at the time of her first birthing experience and she was offered classes to show her how to care for a new baby, she took those classes, but Ann Marie was 16 too at the time of her first birthing experience and not offered any classes for her first birthing experience in 2006, but I looked up some resources…
Causes of health disparities are health behaviors and healthcare access. Heath behaviors such as eating healthy foods, smoking, drinking, exercising, are all contributors of health disparities. Individual choices one makes such as to smoke while pregnant, can influence a health disparity of low birth weight or infant mortality. Healthcare access is also a contributor, especially in maternal and child health. In initiative to improve mothers' and children's healthcare access Medicaid expansions were made and the implementation of the Children's Health Insurance Program (Kotch, 2013).…
In the United States, approximately two-thirds of infant deaths occur within the first month after the infant is born. This is due in large to low birth weight (LBW). The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined low birth weight as, weight of less than 2500g (up to and 2499g regardless of gestational age) , preterm birth weight (PTB)is defined as, the birth of an infant less than 37 weeks and extremely low birth weight(ELBW) is birth weight less than 1000 g . Low birth weight, extremely low birth weight and preterm birth have all been associated with poor health in infants and/ or poor health of the mothers and there are several factors that signify the fate of African American infants.…
Babies are developed in a woman's womb for 9 months. Sometimes they can be delivered prematurely depending on the status of the baby. It can be because of medical conditions and or miscarriages. For low birth weight babies, they are the ones who are born in full term but weighs lighter. Not like premature babies who are born before their due date.…
Infant mortality is a worldwide indicator of a nation’s health status. Even though infant mortality has declined steadily over the past several decades, the United States ranks 24th in infant mortality, compared to other industrialized nations. Compared with the national average in 1996 of 7.2 deaths per 1,000 live births, the largest disparity was among blacks with a death rate of 14.2 per 1,000 live births in 1996, which is almost 2½ times that of white infants (6 deaths per 1,000 in 1996). American Indians as a whole had an infant death rate of 9 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1995, however some Indian communities have an infant mortality rate almost twice that of the national rate. The same applies to the Hispanic community (rate of 7.6 deaths per 1,000 births in 1995) and the Puerto Rican community (rate was 8.9 deaths per 1,000 births in 1995).…