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Hvilken funktion har transportsystem 2 og 3 for normal funktion af tarmsystemet, og hvorfor kan mikroorganismer gennem deres påvirkning af transportsystemerne give diarre?
System 2 som er en Na+ og Cl- pumpe kører så længe der er et højere tryk inde i villi end udenfor. Transporten der foregår er en aktiv transport, det vil sige at Na+ pumpes vha. et transportprotein ind i villi. Transporten der foregår en Symport. Det vil sige idet et Na+ pumpes ind følger et Cl- automatisk med. En aktiv transport som denne kræver energi, den energi der bruges kommer fra ATP som omdannes til ADP og P det ser således ud:

ATP ADP + P + E ( Hvor E er den energi der dannes)

Den aktive transport forgår altså altid fra lav koncentration til høj. Transportsystem har altså den funktion at holde koncentrationen af Na+ nede i tarmhulrummet og oppe i villi. Der foregår en cirkulation, det er altså et kredsløb der foregår. Da der i transport system 1 (I bunden af villi) sidder en modsat pumpe. Altså en pumpe der sørger for at koncentrationen af Na+ og Cl- holdes hvor den skal være. System 1 er en Cl- pumpe hvor det er Cl- der flyttes aktivt altså energi krævende og Na+ der følger med. Dette er vist på opgaven som er Vedlagt som bilag 1.

System 3 er en symport-transport af Glukose og Na+ fra tarmhulrummet ind i tarmcellerne. Transporten er aktiv, det vil sige at der skal energi til, denne energi kommer også fra ATP som omdannes til ADP.

Hvis et barn drikke vand et sted hvor vandet er fyldt med bakterier, som f.eks. i et uland. Kan barnet risikere at få nogle giftige bakterier ned i maven som giver diarre. Det der sker er at det vand der udskilles i maven, til at opløse vores mad med. Ender efter at have været i mavesækken, i tyndtarmen. Her er det så meningen at vandet skal absorberes gennem villi ind i tarmcellerne. Det sker normalt ved tidligere nævnte transport, men da legemet er syg af en infektion sker dette ikke og det resultere i en vandig afføring. Tarm

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