Denaturing proteins

Discovered in 1838, proteins are recognized as a large number of superior organic compounds that make up living organisms and are essential for their functioning. In other words proteins are the building blocks of life. They do many tasks for the human body and other organisms, that could not be done individually. These macromolecules could function as structural proteins and form structures such as keratin in hair, teeth, bones, muscles, collagen in connective tissues, horns in animals and even silk in spider webs. Just like they can structure they can also function as storage proteins, transport proteins, defensive proteins and enzymes. Storage proteins provide long term storage such as casein in milk as well as it can be a last-ditch source of energy during a starvation period for the body after carbohydrates and fats are used up. Transport proteins regulate particular activities in the body like sending and receiving signals between cells, while another could be oxygen-carrying hemoglobin in red blood cells. Defensive proteins provide protection against foreign substances that enter the bodies of organisms and antibodies protect from disease and protect the body from harmful microorganisms. Enzymes regulate the rate of chemical reactions in cells and control metabolism. there is many different types of proteins so they are required for almost every essential function in organisms. A protein is composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sometimes phosphate and sulfur. Since proteins have a function they also have a complex structure. When proteins are formed, the biomolecule goes through four levels of structure, primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. The primary structure is where the unique sequence of amino acids that was brought in from the nucleus to the ribosome, are bonded by peptide bonds creating a polypeptide chain. A polypeptide is the polymer that is composed of the monomers amino acids. There is a