Dehydration of an Alcohol: Distillation and Gas Chromatography
Experiment 2: Dehydration of an Alcohol: Distillation and Gas Chromatography
Preparation of Methylcyclohexenes
Purpose:
The basic purpose of this experiment is to carry out the dehydration of an alcohol and isolate the reaction products by distillation. Gas Chromatography will be utilized to analyze the reaction mixture.
Table of Reagents:
Compound (g) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Grams (g) Moles
6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol
(C7H14O) 114.19 g/mol 6 mL x 0.943g = 5.66 g
1 mL 5.66 g x 1mol = .0496 mol 114.19 g
5 mL of 85% phosphoric acid
(H3PO4) 98.0 g/mol 5 mL x 2.01 g = 10.05 g
1 mL 10.05 g x 1mol = .1026 mol 98.0 g
Drying Agent Sodium Sulfate
Na2SO4 142.04 g/mol
Ice Water Bath (H2O)
Boiling Stone
The reagents are to be in a 1:1 molar ratio. The limiting reagent is 2-methylcyclohexanol because it required the least mol amount to complete the reaction.
Product Data from Literature: Major Product: 1- methylcyclohexene Minor Product: 3- methylcyclohexene Molecular Formula: C7H12 Molecular Weight: 96.17 g/mol
Theoretical Yield: The products are always in a 1:1 molar ratio with 2-methylcyclohexanol.
2-methylcyclohexanol: 5.66 g x 1mol = .0496 mol of 2-methylcyclohexanol 114.19 g
*Since the reaction goes through a 1:1 molar ratio, .0496 mol of 2-methylcyclohexanol should yield .0496 mol of methylcyclohexene*
methylcyclohexene: .0496 mol of methylcyclohexene x 96.17 g = 4.77 g of methylcyclohexene 1 mol
Literature Value of Boiling Point: 1- methycyclohexene: 110oC 3- methycyclohexene: 104oC
Balanced Chemical Equations
Mechanism:
Experimental Procedure: (as per lab handout)
1) Add 6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol, 5 mL of 85% phosphoric acid and a boiling stone to a 25 mL round bottom flask.
2) Set up the flask and also start setting up the distillation
Preparation of Methylcyclohexenes
Purpose:
The basic purpose of this experiment is to carry out the dehydration of an alcohol and isolate the reaction products by distillation. Gas Chromatography will be utilized to analyze the reaction mixture.
Table of Reagents:
Compound (g) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Grams (g) Moles
6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol
(C7H14O) 114.19 g/mol 6 mL x 0.943g = 5.66 g
1 mL 5.66 g x 1mol = .0496 mol 114.19 g
5 mL of 85% phosphoric acid
(H3PO4) 98.0 g/mol 5 mL x 2.01 g = 10.05 g
1 mL 10.05 g x 1mol = .1026 mol 98.0 g
Drying Agent Sodium Sulfate
Na2SO4 142.04 g/mol
Ice Water Bath (H2O)
Boiling Stone
The reagents are to be in a 1:1 molar ratio. The limiting reagent is 2-methylcyclohexanol because it required the least mol amount to complete the reaction.
Product Data from Literature: Major Product: 1- methylcyclohexene Minor Product: 3- methylcyclohexene Molecular Formula: C7H12 Molecular Weight: 96.17 g/mol
Theoretical Yield: The products are always in a 1:1 molar ratio with 2-methylcyclohexanol.
2-methylcyclohexanol: 5.66 g x 1mol = .0496 mol of 2-methylcyclohexanol 114.19 g
*Since the reaction goes through a 1:1 molar ratio, .0496 mol of 2-methylcyclohexanol should yield .0496 mol of methylcyclohexene*
methylcyclohexene: .0496 mol of methylcyclohexene x 96.17 g = 4.77 g of methylcyclohexene 1 mol
Literature Value of Boiling Point: 1- methycyclohexene: 110oC 3- methycyclohexene: 104oC
Balanced Chemical Equations
Mechanism:
Experimental Procedure: (as per lab handout)
1) Add 6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol, 5 mL of 85% phosphoric acid and a boiling stone to a 25 mL round bottom flask.
2) Set up the flask and also start setting up the distillation