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For other uses, see Dada (disambiguation).
Cover of the first edition of the publication Dada by Tristan Tzara; Zurich, 1917
Dada /ˈdɑːdɑː/ or Dadaism was an art movement of the European avant-garde in the early 20th century. Many claim Dada began in Zurich, Switzerland in 1916, spreading to Berlin shortly thereafter but the height of New York Dada was the year before in 1915.[1] To quote Dona Budd 's The Language of Art Knowledge,
Dada was born out of negative reaction to the horrors of World War I. This international movement was begun by a group of artist and poets associated with the Cabaret Voltaire in Zurich. Dada rejected reason and logic, prizing nonsense, …show more content…
Inside this space of political neutrality they decided to use abstraction to fight against the social, political, and cultural ideas of that time. The dadaists believed those ideas to be a byproduct of bourgeois society, a society so apathetic it would rather fight a war against itself than challenge the status quo.[10]
Marcel Janco recalled,
We had lost confidence in our culture. Everything had to be demolished. We would begin again after the tabula rasa. At the Cabaret Voltaire we began by shocking common sense, public opinion, education, institutions, museums, good taste, in short, the whole prevailing order.
The Cabaret closed its doors in early July and then at the first public soiree at Waag Hall[11] on July 14, 1916, Ball recited the first manifesto. In 1917, Tzara wrote a second Dada manifesto considered one of the most important Dada writings, which was published in 1918. Other manifestos followed.
A single issue of the magazine Cabaret Voltaire was the first publication to come out of the …show more content…
They published a magazine for a short time and held an exhibit in Rome, featuring paintings, Tristan Tzara quotes, and original epigrams such as "True Dada is against Dada". The most notable member of this group was Julius Evola, who went on to become a preeminent occult scholar of the 20th century, as well as a right-wing philosopher and aide to Mussolini.[20]
Tokyo[edit]
A prominent Dada group in Japan was MAVO (JA), founded in July 1923 by Tomoyoshi Murayama and Masamu Yanase (DE, JA). Other prominent artists were Jun Tsuji, Eisuke Yoshiyuki, Shinkichi Takahashi (JA) and Katsue Kitasono.
Russia[edit]
The Russian literary group Nichevoki came close to the Dada ideologies. They became famous for proposing Vladimir Mayakovsky to go to the "Pampushka" (abbreviation for "pamyatnik pushkina", which means "Pushkin monument") at the "Tverbul" (abbreviation for "tverskoj bulvar", which means "Tverskoy Boulevard") and clean any desiring person 's shoes, when he declared that he would "clean Russian poetry".
Poetry; music and