Cross Flow Turbine
Powering the Future:
Model of a Hydroelectric Roller-Compacted Concrete Gravity Dam
Steven Bhardwaj
Scott Birney
Michael Cullinan
Faruq Siddiqui, Advisor
Dept. of Engineering
Swarthmore College
May 3 2006 i Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Introduction
1.1 Goals
2. Project Specifications
2.1 Structural Design Constraints
2.2 Initial Dam Design Parameters
2.3 Turbine Selection
3. Design
3.1 Framing
3.2 Flooring and Walls
3.3 Bolts & Connections
3.4 Selection of RCC Compaction Method
3.5 RCC Consistency tests
3.6 Design of Concrete Forms
3.7 Structural Load Calculations
3.8 Dam Load Calculation
3.9 Water Load Calculation
3.10 Dynamic Load Calculation
3.11 Load Distribution
3.12 Dam Section Design
3.13 Design Loads
3.14 Loading Conditions
3.15 Gravity Dam Method of Analysis
3.16 Stability Considerations
3.17 Dam Design Calculations
3.18 Miscellaneous Appurtenances and Procedures
3.19 Water Flow Calculations
3.20 Crossflow Turbine Design Calculations
3.21 Frame Design
3.22 Plywood and Connection Design
3.23 Turbine Parameter Selection and Construction
3.24 Turbine Setup
3.25 Stepped Spillway
4. Results and Analysis
4.1 Actual Performance of the Structure
4.2 Turbine Results
5. Conclusions
6. References
Appendix I: RCC Mix Design Calculations
Appendix II: Gravity Dam Section Design
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Appendix III: Structural Drawings
Appendix IV: Turbine Drawings
Appendix V: Moment Distribution Spreadsheet
Appendix VI: Initial Multiframe Model Results
Appendix VII: Final Multiframe Model Results
Appendix VIII: Compactive Stress Analysis
iii
Acknowledgements
Faruq Siddiqui
Grant Smith
Frederick Orthlieb
Carr Everbach
Edmond Jaoudi
Richard Mabry
Tim Dolen
Aloysius Obodoako
Samuel Garcia
Model of a Hydroelectric Roller-Compacted Concrete Gravity Dam
Steven Bhardwaj
Scott Birney
Michael Cullinan
Faruq Siddiqui, Advisor
Dept. of Engineering
Swarthmore College
May 3 2006 i Table of Contents
Acknowledgements
Abstract
List of Tables
List of Figures
1. Introduction
1.1 Goals
2. Project Specifications
2.1 Structural Design Constraints
2.2 Initial Dam Design Parameters
2.3 Turbine Selection
3. Design
3.1 Framing
3.2 Flooring and Walls
3.3 Bolts & Connections
3.4 Selection of RCC Compaction Method
3.5 RCC Consistency tests
3.6 Design of Concrete Forms
3.7 Structural Load Calculations
3.8 Dam Load Calculation
3.9 Water Load Calculation
3.10 Dynamic Load Calculation
3.11 Load Distribution
3.12 Dam Section Design
3.13 Design Loads
3.14 Loading Conditions
3.15 Gravity Dam Method of Analysis
3.16 Stability Considerations
3.17 Dam Design Calculations
3.18 Miscellaneous Appurtenances and Procedures
3.19 Water Flow Calculations
3.20 Crossflow Turbine Design Calculations
3.21 Frame Design
3.22 Plywood and Connection Design
3.23 Turbine Parameter Selection and Construction
3.24 Turbine Setup
3.25 Stepped Spillway
4. Results and Analysis
4.1 Actual Performance of the Structure
4.2 Turbine Results
5. Conclusions
6. References
Appendix I: RCC Mix Design Calculations
Appendix II: Gravity Dam Section Design
iv.
v.
vi. vii. 1
2
3
3
4
4
7
7
7
8
8
13
13
14
15
15
16
16
18
19
20
21
22
24
24
26
28
36
41
44
46
47
52
52
54
60
61
ii
Appendix III: Structural Drawings
Appendix IV: Turbine Drawings
Appendix V: Moment Distribution Spreadsheet
Appendix VI: Initial Multiframe Model Results
Appendix VII: Final Multiframe Model Results
Appendix VIII: Compactive Stress Analysis
iii
Acknowledgements
Faruq Siddiqui
Grant Smith
Frederick Orthlieb
Carr Everbach
Edmond Jaoudi
Richard Mabry
Tim Dolen
Aloysius Obodoako
Samuel Garcia
References: ACI Committee 207. Roller-Compacted Mass Concrete. ACI 207.5R-99. American Concrete Institute, 1999. Hansen, Kenneth D.; Reinhardt, William G. Roller-Compacted Concrete Dams. USA, McGraw-Hill, 1991. Society of Civil Engineers, CA, 1988. Mabry, Richard (Interview). Geotechnical Design Engineer, URS Griner. Febuary 24, 2006. Poulos, H.G.; Davis, E.H. Elastic solutions for soil and rock mechanics. New York, Wiley, 1974.