Criminological Theories
Student Study Guide for Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers’
Criminological Theories:
Introduction, Evaluation, and Applications
Fourth Edition
Prepared by
Eric See
Youngstown State University
Roxbury Publishing Company
Los Angeles, California
1
Student Study Guide by Eric See for Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Application , 4th Edition by Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers Copyright © 2004 Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, California. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Publisher. Publisher: Claude Teweles Project Manager: Renee Ergazos Copy Editor: Jann Einfeld Production Assistant: Leigh Conley Manufactured in the United States of America. ISBN: 1-931719-85-3
ROXBURY PUBLISHING COMPANY P.O. Box 491044 Los Angeles, CA 90049-9044 Voice: (310) 473-3312 Fax: (310) 373-4490 E-mail: roxbury@roxbury.net Website: www.roxbury.net
2
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6. Chapter 7. Chapter 8. Chapter 9. Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Introduction to Criminological Theory Deterrence and Rationale Choice Theories Biological Theories Psychological Theories Social Learning Theory Social Bonding and Control Theories Labeling Theory Social Disorganization, Anomie, and Strain Theories Conflict Theory Marxist and Critical Theories Feminist Theories Integrating Criminological Theories 4 7 11 15 18 22 25 28 32 35 38 41
3
Chapter 1
Introduction to Criminological Theory Terms Causality. A concept more applicable to the hard sciences. Does the appearance of X cause effect Y? In a perfect relationship, the appearance of X would always cause the effect Y. each and every time the
Criminological Theories:
Introduction, Evaluation, and Applications
Fourth Edition
Prepared by
Eric See
Youngstown State University
Roxbury Publishing Company
Los Angeles, California
1
Student Study Guide by Eric See for Criminological Theories: Introduction, Evaluation, and Application , 4th Edition by Ronald L. Akers and Christine S. Sellers Copyright © 2004 Roxbury Publishing Company, Los Angeles, California. All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the Publisher. Publisher: Claude Teweles Project Manager: Renee Ergazos Copy Editor: Jann Einfeld Production Assistant: Leigh Conley Manufactured in the United States of America. ISBN: 1-931719-85-3
ROXBURY PUBLISHING COMPANY P.O. Box 491044 Los Angeles, CA 90049-9044 Voice: (310) 473-3312 Fax: (310) 373-4490 E-mail: roxbury@roxbury.net Website: www.roxbury.net
2
Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Chapter 4. Chapter 5. Chapter 6. Chapter 7. Chapter 8. Chapter 9. Chapter 10. Chapter 11. Chapter 12. Introduction to Criminological Theory Deterrence and Rationale Choice Theories Biological Theories Psychological Theories Social Learning Theory Social Bonding and Control Theories Labeling Theory Social Disorganization, Anomie, and Strain Theories Conflict Theory Marxist and Critical Theories Feminist Theories Integrating Criminological Theories 4 7 11 15 18 22 25 28 32 35 38 41
3
Chapter 1
Introduction to Criminological Theory Terms Causality. A concept more applicable to the hard sciences. Does the appearance of X cause effect Y? In a perfect relationship, the appearance of X would always cause the effect Y. each and every time the