Classical Theory, Bureaucracy and Contingency Theories Explained
The earliest contributors to our understanding of management theory include practising managers and social scientists. More recent theorists have tended to be academics or management consultants. The early the early theorists can be divided into two main groups- the practising managers, such as Taylor and Fayol, and the social scientists, such as Mayo and McGregor.
The Classical Theories
The classical management theory is a school of management thought in which theorists delved into how to find the best possible way for workers to perform their tasks. The classical management theory is divided into two branches, the scientific and the administrative. The scientific branch comes from the scientific mindset of attempting to increase productivity. During the height of the scientific theory, theorists would use almost mechanical methods towards labour and organization to achieve goals of productivity and efficiency. Some of the basic techniques of the classical scientific theory include creating standardized methods for a task and dividing work between employees equally. * Henri Fayol (1841-1925) * Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)(Scientific management) * Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (early 1900’s)(Scientific management) * Henry Gantt (early 1900’s)(Scientific management) * Lyndall F Urwick (mid 1900’s)
Thanks to these contributors, the basic ideas regarding scientific management developed include the following: * Developing new standard methods for doing each job * Selecting, training, and developing workers instead of allowing them to choose their own tasks and train themselves * Developing a spirit of cooperation between workers and management to ensure that work is carried out in accordance with devised procedures * Dividing work between workers and management in almost equal shares, with each group taking over the work for which it is best fitted
Strengths of Classical Management Theory
Current management organization and
The Classical Theories
The classical management theory is a school of management thought in which theorists delved into how to find the best possible way for workers to perform their tasks. The classical management theory is divided into two branches, the scientific and the administrative. The scientific branch comes from the scientific mindset of attempting to increase productivity. During the height of the scientific theory, theorists would use almost mechanical methods towards labour and organization to achieve goals of productivity and efficiency. Some of the basic techniques of the classical scientific theory include creating standardized methods for a task and dividing work between employees equally. * Henri Fayol (1841-1925) * Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915)(Scientific management) * Frank and Lillian Gilbreth (early 1900’s)(Scientific management) * Henry Gantt (early 1900’s)(Scientific management) * Lyndall F Urwick (mid 1900’s)
Thanks to these contributors, the basic ideas regarding scientific management developed include the following: * Developing new standard methods for doing each job * Selecting, training, and developing workers instead of allowing them to choose their own tasks and train themselves * Developing a spirit of cooperation between workers and management to ensure that work is carried out in accordance with devised procedures * Dividing work between workers and management in almost equal shares, with each group taking over the work for which it is best fitted
Strengths of Classical Management Theory
Current management organization and