Classical China Research Paper

The Three Philosophical Movements of Classical China
Classical China was established under the influences of three philosophical movements: Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism. Confucianism intended for bettered moral conduct and more sophisticated political formations. Confucian beliefs, however, lacked the spiritual side Daoism provided. Daoism integrated traditional Chinese principles with a sense of magic and mystery of nature. Legalism prompted military force for a more authoritative state, preferring strong-arm tactics and shunning Confucian values. These three philosophical movements of classical China shaped its civilization in many ways.
The dominant values of Chinese civilization were not based wholly upon religion, extending well
Those who assume the subordinate role must present to their superiors respect and obedience. Fathers of the household are as the ruler of the kingdom in that they are supposedly owed reverence. Superior beings should demonstrate admirable actions as they should be role models to their inferiors, so thought Confucius. Confucianism also states subordinates should give respect to superiors, even when respect is not warranted; they are expected to “stay in their lane” so to speak. Confucian ethics emphasize the importance of a courteous and humble ruler, as the people would surely emulate such characteristics. It was primarily the ruling class who practiced Confucian
Some explanation of the orderly processes of nature were encouraged by Daoism. Daoism greatly stressed harmony with nature.
Many found solace in Daoist thinking, even emperors. Indeed, emperors did not fret the spread of Daoism because it offered little political threat. This movement considers political activity and learning to be of no consequence to a good life. The best way to achieve Daoist harmony with nature is through humility and frugal living. Daoism promoted an elaborate spirituality which created a distinctive division in Chinese philosophies. Daoism, Legalism, and Confucianism all shaped classical China’s civilization.
Although greatly varied, the three philosophical movements each contributed to the formation of classical China’s civilization. Confucianism centered the Zhou dynasty primarily on good morals, while Legalism influenced the Qin dynasty toward a authoritative government controlled through the military. With Daoism, the Han dynasty was focused on spirituality and harmony with nature. These philosophical movements played a hand in the shaping of Classical China’s