Citation and referencing
A BRIEF GUIDE TO
CITATION AND REFERENCING
(2nd Revision)
DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE
EAST LONDON CAMPUS
This guide was originally compiled by S. Sparrius with contributions from Prof. A.J. Gilbert, J. Rankin and D. van der Want in 1997. It was revised by C .van Ommen and C. Macleod in 2001, and by J. Marx in 2007.
Some examples were drawn directly from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (1994).
1. INTRODUCTION
In the Department of Psychology we mostly use the citation and referencing guidelines established by the South African Journal of Psychology (SAJP), which are in turn taken from a universal standard: the guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA). These guidelines may differ from those that you use in other academic disciplines; and it is therefore important that you familiarize yourself with the requirements of the Department of Psychology.
There are 2 major objectives of a citation and referencing system:
1. To give formal acknowledgement of the original sources of ideas, arguments, theories etc. presented in your written work. Failure to do this is called “plagiarism”. Plagiarism is regarded by the University as seriously as piracy in the music industry and forgery in the financial world. For further information on this, please refer to the Psychology Departments s document on plagiarism.
2. To enable the reader, by means of a standard system of referencing, to identify easily what material (written or otherwise) you have used in your work and to locate the source of this material.
This document is only a brief guide. For further information you can consult:
Plug, C. (1993). Guide to authors. South African Journal of Psychology (2’” ed.). Pretoria: Psychological Association of South Africa.
American Psychological Association. (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Both guides
CITATION AND REFERENCING
(2nd Revision)
DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY
UNIVERSITY OF FORT HARE
EAST LONDON CAMPUS
This guide was originally compiled by S. Sparrius with contributions from Prof. A.J. Gilbert, J. Rankin and D. van der Want in 1997. It was revised by C .van Ommen and C. Macleod in 2001, and by J. Marx in 2007.
Some examples were drawn directly from the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (1994).
1. INTRODUCTION
In the Department of Psychology we mostly use the citation and referencing guidelines established by the South African Journal of Psychology (SAJP), which are in turn taken from a universal standard: the guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA). These guidelines may differ from those that you use in other academic disciplines; and it is therefore important that you familiarize yourself with the requirements of the Department of Psychology.
There are 2 major objectives of a citation and referencing system:
1. To give formal acknowledgement of the original sources of ideas, arguments, theories etc. presented in your written work. Failure to do this is called “plagiarism”. Plagiarism is regarded by the University as seriously as piracy in the music industry and forgery in the financial world. For further information on this, please refer to the Psychology Departments s document on plagiarism.
2. To enable the reader, by means of a standard system of referencing, to identify easily what material (written or otherwise) you have used in your work and to locate the source of this material.
This document is only a brief guide. For further information you can consult:
Plug, C. (1993). Guide to authors. South African Journal of Psychology (2’” ed.). Pretoria: Psychological Association of South Africa.
American Psychological Association. (4th ed.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Both guides