Global
Global
Smoking is a major issue because it's the main source of death on the planet higher than infectious disease, greater then obesity, greater than guns (Share Care). Each year tobacco is killing more than 6 million people around the world (World Health Organization). Three of the primary reasons youngsters smoke to look experienced, to resemble their companions, and to analyze (From the First to the Last Ash: The History, Economics and Hazards of Tobacco). Smokers are not killing themselves by doing it, but they are killing other people by increasing their risk of lung cancer and heart disease if people are exposed to other people smoking for long periods of time. For example, lung cancer increased by about 20-30% in human being's who regularly…
R.S. has smoked for many years and has developed chronic bronchitis, a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). He also has a history of coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial vascular disease. His arterial blood gas (ABG) values are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 60 mm Hg, PaO2 = 50 mm Hg, HCO3- = 30 mEq/L. His hematocrit is 52% with normal red cell indices. He is using an inhaled ß2 agonist and Theophylline to manage his respiratory disease. At this clinic visit, it is noted on a chest x-ray that R.S. has an area of consolidation in his right lower lobe that is thought to be consistent with pneumonia.…
Provides 3-4 consequences of COPD from the first column. Information is mostly scientifically sound, thorough, necessary and sufficient.…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common lung diseases and makes it very difficult to breathe. There are two main forms of COPD: Chronic bronchitis, which involves a long-term cough with mucus, and Emphysema, which involves destruction of the lungs over time. Most people with COPD have a combination of both conditions. Smoking is the leading cause of COPD. The more a person smokes, the more likely that person will develop COPD. However, some people may smoke for years and will never get COPD. In rare cases, nonsmokers who lack a protein called alpha-1 antitrypsin can develop COPD at an early age. Other risk factors that put a person at risk for COPD are: exposure to certain gases or fumes in the workplace, exposure to heavy amounts of secondhand smoke and pollution, and frequent use of cooking fire without proper ventilation.…
The case study presents the outcome of smoking that resulted to RS’ chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. His ABGs’ show partially compensated respiratory acidosis as manifested by decreased pH, increased PaCO2, decreased PaO2 and increased HCO3. RS most likely has the following clinical findings caused by COPD: enlarged right heart along with the signs and symptoms of the right-sided failure, secondary polycythemia, hypoxemia and hypercarbia. The fact that he has chronic bronchitis, his cough is productive with thick mucus, breath sounds are coarse rales and chest is tight. Expected symptoms in emphysema…
Systemic manifestations and Comorbidities of COPD It defines Comorbidities' existence of each disease entity separate addition, during the clinical course of a disease object office [1]. The presence of Comorbidities has prognostic value with respect to survival, but also compared with the functional state. As with other chronic diseases, the prevalence of Comorbidities in elderly COPD is extremely high, the severity of Comorbidities and their impact on the various health status of the patient and patient and in the same subject over time, potentially in that so influence the clinical picture and especially the results. The Cigarette smoking is the most important and best recognized risk factor for COPD, is also a major risk factor for other chronic diseases and neoplasm [2]. Comorbidities for COPD…
Tobacco smoke- 1/3 cancer deaths, lung cancer and other types, associated with tar content of cigarettes, frequency of smoking, duration of the habit…
COPD is characterized by airflow limitation that is poorly reversible. Cumulative, chronic exposure to cigarette smoking is the number one cause of the disease, but repeated exposure to secondhand smoke, air pollution and occupational exposure (to coal, cotton, grain) are also important risk factors.…
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a sever condition which has landed third place in the leading causes of death in the United States. According to a study conducted by the World Health Organization (2004) COPD affects about 64 million people and have cause as much as 3 million people. According to health care professionals some people either have chronic bronchitis or emphysema and there are others which have both, although both of…
Smoking causes many health risks and is hazardous to your life. Smoking is responsible for several diseases, such as cancer, long-term (chronic) respiratory diseases, and heart disease, as well as premature death. “Over 440,000 people in the USA and 100,000 in the UK die because of smoking each year. According the US CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), $92 billion are lost each year from lost productivity resulting from smoking-related deaths”(MNT).…
Risk factors do play a major role in the development of these diseases. All risk factors for COPD and heart disease are similar in nature, and most can be prevented. Here are a few that should be addressed. Smoking is the leading cause of both COPD and heart disease. Cigarettes, along with other tobacco products, contain nicotine. Nicotine has been proven to cause severe damage to the lungs which, in return, causes the levels of oxygen to be limited. Limited oxygen to the lungs will cause COPD. Nicotine can also cause a rise in blood pressure. This rise in blood pressure can cause damage to the heart which can result in heart disease. Quitting smoking is the best prevention of COPD and heart disease. Pollution has also been shown to cause damage to the lungs and hearts of humans. If a patient is living in an area where the pollution level is high, he or she has a greater risk of being diagnosed with COPD and heart disease. Living in an area of high pollutants also poses higher risks of mortality among COPD and heart disease patients. If the population would pay closer attention to these risk factors, and the prevention of these risk factors, maybe then we can see a decrease in the number of patients being diagnosed with, and losing their lives to, COPD and heart disease.…
The main cause of COPD is smoking or long-term exposure to second-hand smoke or heavy pollution, but there are other causes such as exposure to smoke from cooking fires and workplace fumes and gasses.…
Primarily, this progressive disease is caused by cigarette smoking, but it can also be caused from long exposure to air pollution and genetic problems. Smoke can be exhaled by…
COPD include renal damage, malnutrition, muscle wasting, osteoporosis, and anemia. (McCance & Huether, 2014, p. 1267).…
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is an umbrella term used to cover many well known smoking related lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Chronic bronchitis is a progressive inflammatory disease resulting from prolonged irritation of the bronchial epithelium with changes to the bronchi that include, increased size and number of mucus glands, oedema and other…