christmas break assignment

Getting To Know the Periodic Table
Objectiv0e: To be able to use the periodic table to identify and classify elements and to use the periodic table to predict the behavior of elements
Procedure:
1. Number the groups.
2. Number the periods
3. Draw a heavy black line between the metals and nonmetals.
4. Write the name of each of the following groups above the number:
Group 1 alkali metals
Group 2 alkaline earth metal
Group 3-12 (collectively) transition metals
Group 16 chalcogens
Group 17 halogens
Group 18 Noble gases

5. Write the names of the two rows at the bottom of the chart: lanthanides and actinides
6. Write the symbol of each element that exists as a gas at ordinary conditions in RED.
7. Write the symbol of each element that is a solid at ordinary conditions in BLACK.
8. Write the symbol of each element that is a liquid at ordinary condition in BLUE.
9. Write the symbol of each element that is a man-made element as an outline. Example: Pm
10. Place the atomic number for each element above the symbol.
11. Use the following chart to color the periodic table.
Halogen blue
Noble gases yellow
Alkali metals purple
Alkaline earth metals red
Transition elements green
Chalcogens brown
Lanthanides orange
Actinides light blue

12. Outline the symbol’s box in dark green if it is RADIOACTIVE in its most common form.

Notes
The nucleus

The nucleus is at the center of the atom and contains the protons and neutrons. Protons and neutrons are collectively known as nucleons.

Virtually all the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus, because the electrons weigh so little.

Working out the numbers of protons and neutrons
No of protons = ATOMIC NUMBER of the atom
The atomic number is also given the more descriptive name of proton number.
No. of protons + no. of neutrons = MASS NUMBER of the atom
The mass number is also called the nucleon number.
This information can be given simply in the form:

How many protons and neutrons has this atom got?

The atomic number counts the number of protons (9); the mass number counts protons + neutrons (19). If there are 9 protons, there must be 10 neutrons for the total to add up to 19.

The atomic number is tied to the position of the element in the Periodic Table and therefore the number of protons defines what sort of element you are talking about. So if an atom has 8 protons (atomic number = 8), it must be oxygen. If an atom has 12 protons (atomic number = 12), it must be magnesium.

Similarly, every chlorine atom (atomic number = 17) has 17 protons; every uranium atom (atomic number = 92) has 92 protons.

Isotopes

The number of neutrons in an atom can vary within small limits. For example, there are three kinds of carbon atom 12C, 13C and 14C. They all have the same number of protons, but the number of neutrons varies.

protons neutrons mass number carbon-12 6 6 12 carbon-13 6 7 13 carbon-14 6 8 14
These different atoms of carbon are called isotopes. The fact that they have varying numbers of neutrons makes no difference whatsoever to the chemical reactions of the carbon.

Isotopes are atoms which have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons

Use your periodic table to find an element
The number of Protons (+ charge)
The atomic number = # protons
Kr has 36 protons

The number of Electrons (- charge)
Remember atoms have no overall charge.
Atoms must have an equal # of protons and electrons
#protons=#electrons
Kr has 36 electrons

The number of Neutrons (no charge)
Mass # (atomic weight rounded to nearest whole #)
Neutrons = Mass # - Protons
Neutrons = 84 – 36
Neutrons = 48

Examples:

1. Oxygen (O) p+, e-, n
Number of Protons = Atomic #
Number of Electrons = Protons
Number of Neutrons = Mass # - Protons

Protons = 8
Electrons = 8
Neutrons = 16-8 = 8

2. Xenon (Xe) p+, e-, n
Number of Protons = Atomic #
Number of Electrons = Protons
Number of Neutrons = Mass # - Protons

Protons = 54
Electrons = 54
Neutrons = 131-54 = 77

3. Zirconium (Zr) p+, e-, n
Number of Protons = Atomic #
Number of Electrons = Protons
Number of Neutrons = Mass # - Protons

Protons = 40
Electrons = 40
Neutrons = 91-40 = 51

Protons, Neutrons, and Electron Practice Worksheet
Complete the following Chart. Fill in the blanks in the following worksheet. Please use the Periodic Table to complete this chart.
Atomic
Symbol
Atomic
Number
Atomic Mass
Mass Number
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
H

O

6

12

39.10

19

3

2
La

7

17

35

18
U

Cm

108

47

8
8

74.92

36

32

Pt

64

40
20

Answer the following questions.

1. What is the atomic number of Actinium?

2. What is the atomic number of Arsenic?

3. What is the atomic number of Titanium?

4. What is the atomic number of Lithium?

5. What is the atomic number of Lawrencium?

6. What is the symbol of Barium?

7. What is the atomic number of Lead?

8. What is the atomic number of Promethium?

9. What is the symbol of Tin?

10. What is the atomic number of Palladium?

11. What is the atomic number of Vanadium?

12. What is the symbol of Zinc?

13. What is the atomic number of Technetium?

14. What is Einsteinium
a. nonmetal
b. transition metal
c. rare earth metal

15. What is Iridium?
a. nonmetal
b. transition metal
c. rare earth metal

16. What is Cerium?
a. transition metal
b. rare earth metal
c. alkali earth metal

17. What is Uranium?
a. are earth metal
b. nonmetal
c. noble gas

18. What is Platinum?
a. noble gas
b. poor metal
c. transition metal

19. What is Rubidium?
a. rare earth metal
b. alkali metal
c. poor metal

20. What is Gold?
a. transition metal
b. poor metal
c. noble gas