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In electronics, an integrated circuit (also known as IC, microcircuit, microchip, silicon chip, or chip) is a miniaturized electronic circuit (consisting mainly of semiconductor devices, as well as passive components) that has been manufactured in the surface of a thin substrate of semiconductor material. Integrated circuits are used in almost all electronic equipment in use today and have revolutionized the world of electronics.
A hybrid integrated circuit is a miniaturized electronic circuit constructed of individual semiconductor devices, as well as passive components, bonded to a substrate or circuit board.

|Contents |
|[hide] |
|1 Introduction |
|2 Invention |
|3 Generations |
|3.1 SSI, MSI and LSI |
|3.2 VLSI |
|3.3 ULSI, WSI, SOC and 3D-IC |
|4 Advances in integrated circuits |
|5 Popularity of ICs |
|6 Classification |
|7 Manufacturing |
|7.1 Fabrication |
|7.2 Packaging |
|7.3 Chip labeling and manufacture date |
|8 Legal protection of semiconductor chip layouts |
|9 Other

References: The die from an Intel 8742, an 8-bit microcontroller that includes a CPU running at 12 MHz, 128 bytes of RAM, 2048 bytes of EPROM, and I/O in the same chip.