Chemistry Lab
9/19/2012
Experiment #1-Density
Aim: Learn how the process of distillation occurs. Observe how distillation separates alcohol from wine.
Method: Distillation is based on the fact that the matter can exist in three phases - - solid, liquid and gas. As the temperature of a pure substance is increased, it passes through these phases, making a transition at a specific temperature from solid to liquid (melting point--mp) and then at a higher temperature from liquid to gas (boiling point--bp). Distillation involves evaporating a liquid into a gas phase, then condensing the gas back into a liquid and collecting the liquid in a clean receiver. Substances that have a higher boiling point than the desired material will not distill at the working temperature, and remain behind in the flask. Applied to the preparation of alcoholic beverages, alcohol has a lower boiling point than water (and sugar) and thus distillation can separate the alcohol from the wine.
Results: Density of Brandy=0.88g/ml; Alcohol in Brandy 64%; Proof Rating of Brandy is 128 proof
New Terms: 1) Distillation- is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a boiling liquid mixture.
Equipment: graduated cylinder, thermometer, distillation flask, wire gauze, iron ring, jaw clamp and clamp fastener, condenser, long-stem funnel
Questions
Questions
1. Discuss the phenomenon of rain, in terms of vaporization and condensation. Is rain-water distilled water?
Condensation and vaporization are two processes that are reverse of each other. Condensation is the process of conversion of a gas into liquid and vaporization is the process of converting liquids into gas or vapors. The process of evaporation and condensation occurs in nature for water all the time resulting in earth's water cycle. The water from earth's water bodies gets evaporated to form clouds, and these clouds then condense into rain. Rain Water is distilled water since during the
Experiment #1-Density
Aim: Learn how the process of distillation occurs. Observe how distillation separates alcohol from wine.
Method: Distillation is based on the fact that the matter can exist in three phases - - solid, liquid and gas. As the temperature of a pure substance is increased, it passes through these phases, making a transition at a specific temperature from solid to liquid (melting point--mp) and then at a higher temperature from liquid to gas (boiling point--bp). Distillation involves evaporating a liquid into a gas phase, then condensing the gas back into a liquid and collecting the liquid in a clean receiver. Substances that have a higher boiling point than the desired material will not distill at the working temperature, and remain behind in the flask. Applied to the preparation of alcoholic beverages, alcohol has a lower boiling point than water (and sugar) and thus distillation can separate the alcohol from the wine.
Results: Density of Brandy=0.88g/ml; Alcohol in Brandy 64%; Proof Rating of Brandy is 128 proof
New Terms: 1) Distillation- is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a boiling liquid mixture.
Equipment: graduated cylinder, thermometer, distillation flask, wire gauze, iron ring, jaw clamp and clamp fastener, condenser, long-stem funnel
Questions
Questions
1. Discuss the phenomenon of rain, in terms of vaporization and condensation. Is rain-water distilled water?
Condensation and vaporization are two processes that are reverse of each other. Condensation is the process of conversion of a gas into liquid and vaporization is the process of converting liquids into gas or vapors. The process of evaporation and condensation occurs in nature for water all the time resulting in earth's water cycle. The water from earth's water bodies gets evaporated to form clouds, and these clouds then condense into rain. Rain Water is distilled water since during the