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CY 101: Electrochemistry
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Submarines can propagate on the sea surface just like a ship
Unless it’s a nuclear submarine; just like a ship, submarine’s propulsion is supplied by a diesel engine
The sub intakes oxygen from air to run its diesel engine.
But in order to strike an enemy ship, it has to take plunge in deep sea and remain submerged for a period between 24 to 48 hours!
How the submarine is powered when it is under the sea??
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How people power their households in Rourkela in the event of a power cut?
Battery supplies the power during the power failure
When the power supply is back, the inverter’s battery gets recharged
The same principle applies to the submarines also!
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Submerged state
Battery powered
Along with a diesel engine, submarines do have a battery room where hundreds of batteries are kept. These batteries supply powers to the sub in submerged state. surfacing state
Diesel powered, battery recharging
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In 1971 these submarines led India to victory at sea during a war!
Batteries helped submarines to stay underwater and strike the enemy!
Submarine batteries are nothing but electrochemical cells!
That’s why electrochemistry is so important and everyone should try it!!
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Inside a space craft:
How do people get oxygen inside a space craft?
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Electrolysis is an important aspect of electrochemistry! 8
So there are plenty of reasons why we should learn electrochemistry!
From submarines to space crafts to our daily life, electrochemistry is involved in many forms!
We would study the following in this section:
•Redox processes
•Thermodynamics of redox reactions
•Electrode potential
•Chemical reaction taking place at electrodes
•Electrochemical cells
• Electrolytic cells
• Galvanic cells
• Voltaic cells
•Hydrogen fuel cells
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Brief history
Luigi Galvani
(Italy, 18th century)
Brass hook
Steel scalpel
His work marked the birth of electrochemistry
Founder of the concept of bioelectricity
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Brief history
Alessandro Volta
(Italy, 18th century)
A voltaic cell
Father of battery (electrochemical cells)
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Brief history
Michael Faraday
(England,
19th
century)
Svante Arrhenius
Laws of electrolysis
Theories on electrolytes
(Sweden, 19th century)
Walther Nernst
(Germany, 20th century)
Thermodynamics of electrochemistry: Nernst equation
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Electrochemistry is all about the chemistry between two chemical species, where one loses electron and the other accepts that!
Such exchange of electrons is known as REDOX processes.
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Oxidation Reduction processes (REDOX processes):
These processes are responsible for electrochemical phenomena goes to
LEO
Losing Electron is Oxidation
GERmany
Gaining Electron is Reduction
Oxidation Is Losing
Reduction Is Gaining
OIL RIG
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Example:
Identify the species that are getting oxidized or reduced:
ClO3
+
I
NO3- + Sb
I2 +
Cl
Sb4O6 + NO
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(in acidic medium)
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electrons
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DO it yourself!
Balance the following reaction occurring in acidic media:
MnO-4 (aq) + Fe2+ (aq)
Mn2+ (aq) + Fe3+ (aq)
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Suggested Text books:
An introduction to electrochemistry by Samuel Glasstone
Physical Chemistry by Peter Atkins and Julio De Paula (9th edition)
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