Chemical Properties
Element: Simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties. Atom: The smallest particles with unique chemical identities. Nucleus: Center of an atom (composed of protons and neutrons). Proton: Have a single positive charge (+1).
Neutron: Have no charge.
Electron: Tiny particles with a single negative charge and very low mass (-1)/determines chemical bonding properties of an atom.
Atomic Number: Number of protons in the nucleus.
Atomic Mass: Approximate number of protons and neutrons equal to total.
Isotope: Atoms of same element that very in numbers of neutrons.
Electron Shells: Energy levels of electrons.
Ions: Charged particles with unequal number of protons and neutrons.
Cations: Positively charged ions.
Anions: Negatively charged ions.
Covalent Bond: The sharing of (single, double) a pair of electrons.
Ionic Bond: The attraction of a cation to an anion (ex. Na+ and Cl-).
Hydrogen Bond: Weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom (covalently bonded to an oxygen or nitrogen atom) in one molecule and a slightly negative ___ atom in another.
Van der Waals forces: Weak, brief attractions between non-polar molecules (1% strong as covalent bond) Molecule: Chemical particles composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond.
Polar Covalent Molecule: One part of the molecule is more positive while the other side is more negative. Non-polar Covalent Molecule: Shared electrons send approximately equal time around each nucleus (strongest of all chemical bonds).
Compound: Molecules composed of two or more molecules.
Molecular Formula: Identifies a molecule’s constituent elements and show how many atoms of each are present (ex. C2H6O).
Structural Formula: Shows the location of each atom.
Mixture: Consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically combined.
Solvency: Ability to dissolve other chemicals.
Hydrophilic: Molecules that attract water of dissolve in it because of their polar nature.
Hydrophobic:
Neutron: Have no charge.
Electron: Tiny particles with a single negative charge and very low mass (-1)/determines chemical bonding properties of an atom.
Atomic Number: Number of protons in the nucleus.
Atomic Mass: Approximate number of protons and neutrons equal to total.
Isotope: Atoms of same element that very in numbers of neutrons.
Electron Shells: Energy levels of electrons.
Ions: Charged particles with unequal number of protons and neutrons.
Cations: Positively charged ions.
Anions: Negatively charged ions.
Covalent Bond: The sharing of (single, double) a pair of electrons.
Ionic Bond: The attraction of a cation to an anion (ex. Na+ and Cl-).
Hydrogen Bond: Weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom (covalently bonded to an oxygen or nitrogen atom) in one molecule and a slightly negative ___ atom in another.
Van der Waals forces: Weak, brief attractions between non-polar molecules (1% strong as covalent bond) Molecule: Chemical particles composed of two or more atoms united by a chemical bond.
Polar Covalent Molecule: One part of the molecule is more positive while the other side is more negative. Non-polar Covalent Molecule: Shared electrons send approximately equal time around each nucleus (strongest of all chemical bonds).
Compound: Molecules composed of two or more molecules.
Molecular Formula: Identifies a molecule’s constituent elements and show how many atoms of each are present (ex. C2H6O).
Structural Formula: Shows the location of each atom.
Mixture: Consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically combined.
Solvency: Ability to dissolve other chemicals.
Hydrophilic: Molecules that attract water of dissolve in it because of their polar nature.
Hydrophobic: