Charles Lindblom's Article 'The Science Of Muddling Through'

But a more realistic analysis suggests that bureaucracies often make decisions based on a much more limited range of information and analysis. In one of the earliest formulations of this view, bureaucracies make decisions by "muddling through."
Charles Lindblom's classic article "The Science of Muddling Through" (1959) outlined his view that the U.S. executive bureaucracy uses limited policy analysis, bounded rationality, and limited or no theory at all in formulating policy. In some ways, Lindblom and those who developed his interest in streamlined decision making in bureaucracies presaged more recent attention to the ways that individuals make very quick decisions using very little information. (Malcolm
Gladwell's 2005 book Blink