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Charles Darwin: Origin Of Species By Natural Selection

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Charles Darwin: Origin Of Species By Natural Selection
* Charles Darwin
Origin of species by natural selection
Theory of natural selection
1. Over production
More offspring are produced than can survive
2. Variation
There are differences in the traits of these organisms
3. Competition
4. Best adapted survive select agent
5. Reproduce
Pass on desirable traits to the next generation
Organisms rarely have mutations that can allow the to better adapt to there envirironment.

I. Evidence for evolution
A. Fossils Remnants of organisms that lived in the past.
Fossil record
1. Bones
2. Petrified
Organic materials are replaced in the fossil (minerals)
3. Animals in tar pits
4. Insects in amber
5. Imprints

*Fossils are found in sedimentary rock.

Dating Fossils
Pay for dinner …show more content…
Analogous structure have the same function but different anatomy
Ex: Wing of insect (made of chitin) * Wing of bird (made of bone)
3. Vestigial organs
No use today
Ex: Appendix * Coccyx * Ear muscles
4. Embryology
Similarities of embryos in development
F=fish
A=amphibian
R=Reptile
M=mammal
B=birds
*

Biogeography
Geographical distribution of species
Species living in the same region tend to be more closely related to each other.
Species that look similar but are from different regions are not often closely related.
Convergent evolution
Organisms that aren’t related but have similar traits

Molecular biology
Comparing DNA and protein structure
Universal genetic code
DNA and RNA
Respiration
Protein structure
Hemoglobin
Gas exchange
Protein structure

Natural selection in action
Insecticide and drug resistance
Insecticide didn’t kill all insects
Insects that were resistant to the drug reproduced
Resistance is inherited
Insecticide becomes less and less effective

Lamarck
Inheritance of acquired characteristics
Contribution
Organisms can change
Explanation
1. Organisms develop traits out of need
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