Chapter 54
Name
Period
Chapter 54: Community Ecology
Concept 54.1 Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved.
1.
What is a community? List six organisms that would be found in your schoolyard community.
2.
This section will look at interspecific interactions. Be clear on the meaning of the prefix!
To begin, distinguish between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition. Give an example of each.
Type of
Competition
Explanation
Example
Intraspecific competition Interspecific competition 3.
What is G. F. Gause’s competitive exclusion principle? Give one example.
4.
Define ecological niche.
5.
Several species of Anolis lizards live in the same types of trees and have a similar diet.
Discuss
resource partitioning to explain how interspecific competition is reduced. (Study Figure
54.2.)
6.
What is the difference between the fundamental niche and the realized niche?
7.
Study Figure 54.5, and then explain what is meant by character displacement. (To do this, you will have to learn or review the difference between sympatric populations and allopatric populations. You will find this information in Chapter 24.)
8.
Predation is a term that you probably already know. Can you give examples of some predator-prey combinations as listed below?
Predator
Prey
Animal
Animal
Animal
Plant
Fungus
Animal
Bacteria
Animal
Fungus
Example
Plant
9.
List three special adaptations that predator species possess for obtaining food.
10.
List three ways prey species elude predators.
11.
Compare the two types of mimicry.
Type of Mimicry
Batesian
Müllerian
Description
Example
12.
What is herbivory?
13.
Did you list any special herbivore adaptations for predation in your response to question 9? Or plant adaptations to avoid herbivory? List two adaptations for each category here.
Period
Chapter 54: Community Ecology
Concept 54.1 Community interactions are classified by whether they help, harm, or have no effect on the species involved.
1.
What is a community? List six organisms that would be found in your schoolyard community.
2.
This section will look at interspecific interactions. Be clear on the meaning of the prefix!
To begin, distinguish between intraspecific competition and interspecific competition. Give an example of each.
Type of
Competition
Explanation
Example
Intraspecific competition Interspecific competition 3.
What is G. F. Gause’s competitive exclusion principle? Give one example.
4.
Define ecological niche.
5.
Several species of Anolis lizards live in the same types of trees and have a similar diet.
Discuss
resource partitioning to explain how interspecific competition is reduced. (Study Figure
54.2.)
6.
What is the difference between the fundamental niche and the realized niche?
7.
Study Figure 54.5, and then explain what is meant by character displacement. (To do this, you will have to learn or review the difference between sympatric populations and allopatric populations. You will find this information in Chapter 24.)
8.
Predation is a term that you probably already know. Can you give examples of some predator-prey combinations as listed below?
Predator
Prey
Animal
Animal
Animal
Plant
Fungus
Animal
Bacteria
Animal
Fungus
Example
Plant
9.
List three special adaptations that predator species possess for obtaining food.
10.
List three ways prey species elude predators.
11.
Compare the two types of mimicry.
Type of Mimicry
Batesian
Müllerian
Description
Example
12.
What is herbivory?
13.
Did you list any special herbivore adaptations for predation in your response to question 9? Or plant adaptations to avoid herbivory? List two adaptations for each category here.