Chapter 2

Human Physiology ZOOL 2404

Instructor: Dr. Gollahon

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Introduction Chapters 1 and 2
 Study strategies crucial for success
 Attend all lectures, labs, and study sessions  Read your lecture notes and text materials before listening to the audio or watching the video lectures  Devote a block of time each day to your Physiology course  Set up a study schedule and stick to it  Do not procrastinate!  Approach the information in different ways  Practice speaking and thinking in the language of Physiology  As soon as you experience difficulty with the course, seek assistance
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Introduction
Physiology is the study of function
 Biochemistry  Biology  Chemistry  Genetics

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Structure and Function
 Anatomy
 Describes the structures of the body
 What they are made of  Where they are located  Associated structures

 Physiology
 Is the study of
 Functions of anatomical structures  Individual and cooperative functions

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Organization
 The Chemical (or Molecular) Level
 Atoms are the smallest chemical units  Molecules are a group of atoms working together

 The Cellular Level
 Cells are a group of atoms, molecules, and organelles working together

 The Tissue Level
 Tissues are a group of similar cells working together

 The Organ Level
 An organ is a group of different tissues working together (cont)
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings

Levels of Organization
 The Organ System Level
 Organ systems are a group of organs working together  Humans have 11 organ systems

 The Organism Level