chaper 7 chemistry

O

29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.

37.

b. Group 1A; 1 valence electron
c. Group 5A; 5 valence electrons
d. Group 2A; 2 valence electrons
e. Group 7A; 7 valence electrons
f. Group 4A; 4 valence electrons
a. Cl b. S c. Al d. Li by gaining or losing electrons
a. 2
b. 3
c. 1
d. 2
a. Al3+
b. Li+
c. Ba2+
d. K+
e. Ca2+
c. Sr2+
Most nonmetals gain 1, 2, or 3 electrons to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration.
a. 3
b. 2
c. 1
d. 3
a. S2–
b. Na+
c. F–
d. P3–
a. gain of 1 electron
b. loss of 1 electron
c. gain of 3 electrons
d. loss of 2 electrons
e. loss of 2 electrons
f. loss of 1 electron
g. gain of 1 electron
h. loss of 2 electrons
a. bromide anion
b. sodium cation
c. arsenide anion
d. barium cation
e. calcium cation
f. copper(I) cation
g. hydride anion
h. copper(II) cation

S

OBLE

M

ASSESSMENT

27. an electron in the highest occupied energy level
28. a. Group 5A; 5 valence electrons

E

LESSON 7.1

PR

Answers

NLIN

7

Assessment

*
36. State the number of electrons either lost or

Lesson by Lesson

gained in forming each ion.
a. Br
e.
b. Na
f.
c. As3
g.
2
d. Ba
h.

7.1 Ions
27. What is a valence electron?

*

28. To which group in the periodic table does each

of the following elements belong? How many valence electrons do atoms of each element have? a. nitrogen
d. barium
b. lithium
e. bromine
c. phosphorus
f. carbon

37. Name each ion in Problem 36. Identify each as

an anion or a cation.

7.2 Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds
38. Define an ionic bond.
39. Explain why ionic compounds are electrically

29. Write electron dot structures for each of the fol-

lowing elements:
a. Cl
b. S

c. Al
d. Li

neutral.

*40.

30. Describe two ways that an ion forms from an

atom.

*

31. How many electrons must an atom of each

element lose to attain a noble-gas electron configuration? a. Ca
c. Li
b. Al
d. Ba

33. Why do