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change management
Change Theories in Nursing
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Ngozi Oguejiofo
Ngozi Oguejiofo has been writing on a freelance basis since 2009 and most of her writings are focused on health. She is currently a registered nurse. She is interested in teaching, and writes articles focused on student nurses for various online publications.
By Ngozi Oguejiofo, eHow Contributor

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Change means making something different from the way it was originally. Change may be planned or unplanned. Unplanned changes bring about unpredictable outcomes, while planned change is a sequence of events implemented to achieve established goals. In nursing a change agent is a person who brings about changes that impact nursing services. The change agent may be a nurse leader, staff nurse or someone who works with nurses. Change theories are used to bring about planned change in nursing. Nurses and nurse leaders must have knowledge of change theories and select the right change theory as all the available change theories in nursing do not fit all nursing change situations.
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Lewin's Change Theory
Kurt Lewin's change theory is widely used in nursing and involves three stages: the unfreezing stage, moving stage, and refreezing stage. Lewin's theory depends on the presence of driving and resistant forces. The driving forces are the change agents who push employees in the direction of change. The resistant forces are employees or nurses who do not want the proposed change. For this theory to be successful, the driving force must dominate the resistant force.
Rogers' Change Theory
Everette Rogers modified Lewin's change theory and created a five-stage theory of his own. The five stages are awareness, interest, evaluation, implementation and adoption. This theory is applied to long-term change projects. It is successful when nurses who ignored the proposed change
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